{"id":160031,"date":"2025-03-25T19:53:34","date_gmt":"2025-03-25T14:23:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=160031"},"modified":"2025-03-25T19:53:34","modified_gmt":"2025-03-25T14:23:34","slug":"global-food-waste-crisis","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/global-food-waste-crisis","title":{"rendered":"Global Food Waste Crisis"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>United Nations Environment Programme\u2019s (UNEP\u2019s)<\/b> <b>Food Waste Index Report 2024<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> reveals that <\/span><b>1.05 billion tonnes of food were wasted globally in 2022<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, nearly 20% of consumer-available food.<\/span><b>\u00a0 India is among the top contributors to this crisis.<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Food Wastage vs. Food Loss<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Food Wastage:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Includes both <\/span><b>edible and inedible parts discarded at various stages<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, from manufacturing and retail to restaurants and households.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Food Loss:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Occurs<\/span><b> earlier in the supply chain <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">due to poor storage, transport, and handling.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Global Statistics On Food Waste<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>783 million people<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> face hunger worldwide, making food waste a grave issue.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>19% of consumer-available food <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">wasted at <\/span><b>retail, food service, and household levels<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>India\u2019s Food Waste Scenario<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Second-Largest Food-Wasting Nation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> India <\/span><b>ranks second after China<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in global food wastage.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.4975%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><b>Paradox of Food Waste and Hunger<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While<\/span><b> 1.3 billion tonnes of food is wasted annually,<\/b> <b>over 735 million people suffer from chronic hunger.\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Stark contrast between abundance and deprivation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the U.N. Environment Programme, industrialized countries in North America, Europe and Asia collectively waste 222 million tons of food each year.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>India\u2019s Case:<\/b> <b>Despite being a leading food producer<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, inefficiencies in the supply chain contribute to <\/span><b>persistent food insecurity.<\/b><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Global Hunger Index, 2024:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> India ranks <\/span><b>105th<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> out of the 127 countries<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Per Capita vs. Total Waste:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> While India&#8217;s per capita <\/span><b>household food waste is 55 kg annually <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(lower than the 73 kg in the U.S.), its large population results in massive overall wastage.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Alarming Food Waste Volume:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> India <\/span><b>discards 78 million tonnes of food annually,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> even as over 20 crore Indians go to bed hungry.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Sources of Food Waste and Loss:<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Household Waste ( <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Around <\/span><b>61%<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of global food waste occurs at the household level<\/span><b>)<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Over-purchasing:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The habit of buying more food than needed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Cultural habits:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Cooking excess food for celebrations or guests.<\/span><b>Leftovers and plate waste:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Uneaten food discarded instead of reused.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Improper meal planning:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Lack of planning leads to food spoilage.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Food Service Industry (Restaurants, Hotels, Catering)<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Buffet-style dining:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Excess food prepared and served but not consumed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Portion sizes:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Large servings lead to plate waste.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Poor refrigeration in markets:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> affects food longevity.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Mismanagement of perishable stock:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Poor inventory control causes spoilage.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.7983%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><b>Efforts To Reduce Food Waste In India:<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Save Food, Share Food, Share Joy Initiative:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Launched by the <\/span><b>Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to encourage food donation and reduce wastage.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Mid-Day Meal Scheme (PM Poshan):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Reduces <\/span><b>food waste in schools<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by serving <\/span><b>nutritionally balanced meals<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with efficient distribution.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>E-NAM (National Agriculture Market):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Aims to<\/span><b> minimize post-harvest food loss<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by providing <\/span><b>better price discovery and direct market access<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for farmers.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Operation Greens:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Supports <\/span><b>cold storage, logistics, and food processing<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to prevent perishable food wastage.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>PM Kisan Sampada Yojana:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Promotes <\/span><b>food processing infrastructure, cold chains, and value addition<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to reduce spoilage.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Retail and Supermarkets<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Aesthetic standards:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Fruits, vegetables, and packaged eatable products are discarded for <\/span><b>minor blemishes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and labelled as<\/span><b> \u2018ugly\u2019.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Short shelf life:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Expiring products are thrown away.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Overstocking:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Surplus inventory leads to unsold food waste.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Supply Chain &#038; Post-Harvest Losses<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Storage and transport losses:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Poor handling, lack of cold storage, and spoilage in transit.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Processing waste:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Parts of food discarded during sorting, peeling, and trimming.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Correlation Between Temperature and Food Waste: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>UNEP Food Waste Index Report<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> highlights a <\/span><b>direct correlation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> between rising average temperatures and increasing food waste levels.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Hotter countries<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> tend to have <\/span><b>higher per capita household food waste<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> due to:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Increased consumption of <\/span><b>fresh foods<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with fewer edible parts.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Limited refrigeration and preservation solutions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, leading to faster spoilage.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Weather Conditions:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Erratic monsoons and weather shocks (droughts, floods and landslides) disrupt crop yields and weaken supply chains.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6993%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><b>Global Best Practices To Tackle Food Waste<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>France (2016 Law Against Food Waste): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supermarkets are<\/span><b> banned from throwing away unsold food; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">instead, they must donate it to charities or food banks.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Italy (2016 Gadda Law): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Encourages businesses to <\/span><b>donate surplus food through tax incentives and simplified donation procedures.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Denmark (Too Good To Go): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A <\/span><b>mobile app<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> connects consumers with restaurants and supermarkets to <\/span><b>purchase surplus food at discounted prices.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Netherlands (Verspilling is Verrukkelijk &#8211; \u201cWaste is Delicious\u201d):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A coalition of food businesses <\/span><b>repurposes surplus food into new products<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> like beer from stale bread and soups from imperfect vegetables.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>United Nations (UN)\u2019s International Day of Awareness of Food Loss and Waste (IDAFLW)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: It is annually observed across the globe on 29th September to create awareness of the importance of the food loss and waste issue.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Impact of Food Waste<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u00a0Economic Impact:\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Massive Financial Losses: Globally<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, over <\/span><b>$1 trillion worth of food <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is wasted annually, leading to severe economic losses.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Higher Costs: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Food waste i<\/span><b>ncreases business losses in retail and hospitality<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>raises household grocery expenses.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Resource Mismanagement: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Land, water, and labor used in food production are wasted, driving inflation in food prices.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Burden on Waste Management:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Food waste makes up 10-12% of municipal waste, increasing government spending on disposal and landfill management.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Social Impact:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Deepening Social Inequality: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unequal food distribution <\/span><b>widens the gap between the affluent and the underprivileged,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> limiting access to nutritious food.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Hinders Progress: Food waste prevents food from reaching those in need<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, hindering progress on:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>SDG 2<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Zero Hunger)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>SDG 12.3<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Reducing food waste at retail and consumer levels)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Environmental Impact of Food Waste<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Municipal Waste:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Food waste accounts for <\/span><b>10%-12% of municipal waste<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>GHG Emissions: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Globally, <\/span><b>8%-10% of annual greenhouse gas emissions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> come from food waste.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It contributes significantly to <\/span><b>methane emissions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from landfills, a potent greenhouse gas.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Biodiversity Loss:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Food Waste drives deforestation and habitat destruction for unnecessary production.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Soil\/Water Contamination:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Chemical leachate from decomposing waste harms ecosystems.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Way Forward<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Household-Level Actions<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Smart Meal Planning &#038; Shopping:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Create and stick to shopping lists to avoid overbuying.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Efficient Food Storage:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Use airtight containers and maintain proper refrigeration to extend food shelf life.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Creative Use of Leftovers:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Repurpose food scraps into new meals to reduce wastage.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Composting:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Convert kitchen waste into compost to minimize landfill contributions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Food Donation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Share surplus food with local food banks or charities.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Systemic Reforms<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Cold Storage &#038; Infrastructure Development:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Invest in cold chains and efficient transportation to prevent spoilage.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Sustainable Business Practices:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Encourage retailers and restaurants to <\/span><b>redistribute unsold food.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Education &#038; Awareness: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introducing programs to teach <\/span><b>responsible consumption and food conservation to the students in schools and college <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is the need of the hour.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India must urgently tackle food waste to reduce its carbon footprint, enhance food security, and bridge social inequality. <\/span><b>Conscious consumption<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>sustainable food systems<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can ensure <\/span><b>resource optimization<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and a <\/span><b>hunger-free future.<\/b><\/p>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6375%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 111.19%; 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India is among the top contributors to this crisis.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":160007,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"paper-wise":[2088],"subject":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/160031"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/current-affairs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=160031"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/160031\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":160035,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/160031\/revisions\/160035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/160007"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=160031"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=160031"},{"taxonomy":"paper-wise","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper-wise?post=160031"},{"taxonomy":"subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/subject?post=160031"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}