{"id":160140,"date":"2025-03-26T19:18:45","date_gmt":"2025-03-26T13:48:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=160140"},"modified":"2025-03-26T19:18:45","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T13:48:45","slug":"origin-of-water-in-the-universe","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/origin-of-water-in-the-universe","title":{"rendered":"Origin of Water in the Universe"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>A recent study has provided some new insights on the origin of water in the universe<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> challenging current theories.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About the Study<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Published In: T<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">he study is published in th<\/span><b>e journal Nature Astronomy<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Method: R<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">esearchers ran<\/span><b> 3D simulations models based on the use of indirect methods, like numerical experiments on population III <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(The universe\u2019s oldest stars composed completely of hydrogen and helium)<\/span><b> supernovae<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> looking for the signatures of water<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The researcher aimed to <\/span><b>capture how ionising UV radiation from the stars heats and drives away ambient ga<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s over their lifetimes.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Conducted by: University of Portsmouth\u2019s Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, England.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Focus of the Study:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Researchers focused on two types of supernova <\/span><b>forming dense clumps of gas enriched with water.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Core-Collapse Supernovae:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It occurs when <\/span><b>massive stars collapse under their own weight<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Pair- Instability Supernovae:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It occurs when a<\/span><b> star&#8217;s inner pressure suddenly falls, leading to its collapse.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Findings:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The<\/span><b> universe\u2019s oldest stars (population III)\u00a0 became founts of water<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as their nuclear fires were extinguished in massive <\/span><b>explosions called supernovae.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Timeline: T<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">he conditions required to create water <\/span><b>existed at around sometime between 50 million and 1 billion years after the Big Bang<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with the first supernovae explosions.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Stellar Remnants:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> These Gigantic Population III category stars when exploded<\/span><b>, left behind hydrogen, oxygen, and other elements as their stellar remnants<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> providing conditions for water to emerge.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Oxygen Formation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The oxygen produced in these supernovae <\/span><b>combined with hydrogen to create water.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oxygen<\/span><b> only forms during late stages of nuclear burning in massive stars <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">that are destined to explode<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Concentration: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The overall amount of water<\/span><b> produced in these early supernovae was highly concentrated in dense regions of gas, known as cloud core<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s, which are thought to be the birthplaces of stars and planets.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Significance:\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Water Modelling: I<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t is the <\/span><b>first time water has been modelled in the primordial universe.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Planet Formation:<\/b> <b>Habitable planets could have started forming much earlier, ev<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">en before th<\/span><b>e formation of first galaxies and 100-200 million years <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">after the Big Bang.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Life Potential: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The research<\/span><b> pushes the timeline for potential life to have arisen i<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">n the universe way back.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Validate Previous Research:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The findings <\/span><b>validate previous research of at least s<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ome of the earth\u2019s water<\/span><b> was delivered by comets early in the planet\u2019s history.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They also confirm that <\/span><b>water molecules remain unchanged from their interstellar origins <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">as they reach planets elsewhere in the universe.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6375%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 111.19%; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Also Read<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.797%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/editorial-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>UPSC Daily Editorials<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 61.393%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/daily-current-affairs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>UPSC Daily Current Affairs<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td 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theories.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":160128,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"paper-wise":[2089],"subject":[2092],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/160140"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/current-affairs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=160140"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/160140\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":160144,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/160140\/revisions\/160144"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/160128"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=160140"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=160140"},{"taxonomy":"paper-wise","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper-wise?post=160140"},{"taxonomy":"subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/subject?post=160140"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}