{"id":160145,"date":"2025-03-26T19:25:19","date_gmt":"2025-03-26T13:55:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=160145"},"modified":"2025-03-26T19:28:50","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T13:58:50","slug":"organ-transplantation-data","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/organ-transplantation-data","title":{"rendered":"Organ Transplantation Data"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Serious concerns have been expressed <\/span><b>by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> over hospitals not s<\/span><b>haring data on organ transplantation activities w<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ith them in a circular.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About the Circular<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>The National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organisation (NOTTO)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in a communication sent to <\/span><b>Health Secretaries of all States\/Union Territories <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">has called for urgent intervention to<\/span><b> check the non-compliance in updating the organ transplantation data\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Non Compliance: Many registered transplant hospitals are not submitting the daily and monthly data on organ transplantation <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">activities and register transplantations on the National Transplant Registry.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Legal Provision:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Transplant Hospitals are in violation of the <\/span><b>provision of Section 13D of the Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act (THOTA), 1994 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">under which,<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>NOTTO<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is entrusted with the statutory responsibility of<\/span><b> establishing and maintaining a National Transplant Registry<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> which was essential for monitoring organ and tissue transplantation activities.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Data Collection<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The Centre has directed hospitals and transplant centres to<\/span><b> furnish comprehensive data related to deceased as well as living donors and recipients on a monthly basis.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Updation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It is <\/span><b>mandatory to update <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the organ transplantation data <\/span><b>online on the NOTTO web portal regularly <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and r<\/span><b>egister both the donors and recipients of living transplants in the National Transplant Registry within 48 hour<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s of the transplant procedure.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Authority:<\/b> <b>The State Appropriate Authority (SAA)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is responsible to<\/span><b> ensure compliance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with the provision of data by hospitals for the National Transplant Registry and take suitable action against those violating the rules<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They ha<\/span><b>ve the powers of a Civil Court under the Act<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.7995%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #000000;\"><b>National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organization (NOTTO)<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Nodal Ministry:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It is a National level organization set <\/span><b>up under Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Government of India<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Divisions:\u00a0<\/b><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>National Human Organ and Tissue Removal and Storage Network:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Its function is to <\/span><b>coordinate and network for procurement and distribution of Organs and Tissue<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s and registry of Organs and Tissues Donation and Transplantation in the country.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>National Biomaterial Centre (National Tissue Bank)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: It is established<\/span><b> to fulfill the demands of tissue transplantation <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">including activities for <\/span><b>procurement, storage and fulfil distribution of biomaterials. It includes,<\/b><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Bone and bone products; Skin graft; Cornea; Heart valves and vessels<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Functions:\u00a0<\/b><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To lay <\/span><b>down policy guidelines and protocols f<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">or various functions.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It has a <\/span><b>statutory responsibility to establish and maintain a National Transplant Registry, e<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ssential for monitoring organ and tissue transplantation activities.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To <\/span><b>create awareness, promote organ donation and transplantatio<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">n activities.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Dissemination of information to all concerned organizations,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> hospitals and individuals.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Monitoring of transplantation activities in the Regions and State<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s and maintaining data-bank in this regard.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About Organ and Tissue Transplantation<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Organ donation is the process of donating organs or biological tissue to a living recipient, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">who is in need of a transplant.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Types:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> There are two types of organ donation:-<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Living Donor Organ Donation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A person<\/span><b> during his lifetime can donate one kidne<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">y, a portion of pancreas and a part of the liver.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Deceased Donor Organ Donation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A person<\/span><b> can donate multiple organs and tissues after (brain-stem\/cardiac) death. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His\/her organ continues to live in another person\u04f3 body<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Organ Transplantation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is the<\/span><b> act of surgical removal of an organ from one person and placing it into another person<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Transplantation is needed when the re<\/span><b>cipient&#8217;s organ has failed or has been damaged due to illness or injury.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Statistics:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Donors Numbers: A<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ccording to the Health Ministry\u2019s data,<\/span><b> the number of donors (including deceased)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> only grew from 6,916 in 2014 to<\/span><b> about 16,041 in 2022.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In India<\/span><b> living donors comprise 85% of all donors<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>India sees 17,000\u201318,000 solid organ transplants performed every year <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ranking 3rd after the US and China<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>transplantation rates per million population is only 0.65 in India <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which is behind several high-income countries<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>OrganTransplants Per Donor: T<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">he average<\/span><b> number of organ transplants per donor has\u00a0 increased from 2.43 in 2016 to 3.05 in 2022.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Waiting List: One person is added to the wait list every 10 minutes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the country comprising over three lakh patients and <\/span><b>at least 20 persons dying each day waiting for an organ.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>The Most Transplanted Organ: Kidneys<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are the most transplanted organ in India<\/span><b> with approx 11,243 transplantations performed every year <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">against the demand of an estimated 200,000 renal failures a year.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Legislation and Rules:\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>The Transplantation of Human Organs &#038; Tissues Act (THOTA), 1994<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: It provides for <\/span><b>regulation of removal, storage and transplantation of human organs &#038; tissues<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for therapeutic purposes and for <\/span><b>prevention of commercial dealings in human organs <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#038; tissues<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The law <\/span><b>allows transplantation of human organs and tissues from living donors and cadavers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (after cardiac or brain stem death).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Defining the constitution of Regulatory and advisory bodies f<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">or monitoring transplantation activity..<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organisation (NOTTO)-ID:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> All <\/span><b>cases of organ transplants will be allocated a unique (NOTTO)-ID for <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">both the donor and the recipient being generated by the hospital\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The directive has been issued <\/span><b>to eliminate commercial dealing in organs, especially those involving foreign citizens.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Challenges:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Low Public Awareness and Education<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: There is a<\/span><b> general lack of awareness regarding the process and\u00a0 need for organ <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">donation in India.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Public Bias:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Prevailing<\/span><b> Religious and Cultural beliefs and value<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s often prevent organ donation as they<\/span><b> discourage any alteration to the sanctity of the body a<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fter death and also fears about the process.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Commercial Exploitation: Organ Trafficking<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a\u00a0 rampant problem raising fears about the illegal harvesting of organs without consent for financial gain.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Inadequate Infrastructure and Resources:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> There are<\/span><b> not enough hospitals or trained personnels equipped to perform organ transplants, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">especially in rural areas. Also<\/span><b> there are transportation and storage challenges <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">due to lack of suitable logistical facilities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Shortage of Trained Personnel:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> There is a<\/span><b> shortage of trained transplant coordinators and other medical professionals who can id<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">entify potential donors and facilitate the donation process.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6375%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 111.19%; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Also Read<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.797%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/editorial-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>UPSC Daily Editorials<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 61.393%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/daily-current-affairs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>UPSC Daily Current Affairs<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.797%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/quiz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Daily Current Affairs Quiz<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 61.393%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/mains-answer-writing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Daily Main Answer Writing<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.797%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-previous-year-papers?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Previous+Year+Papers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Check Out Previous Years Papers From PW Store<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 61.393%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-test-series-courses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>UPSC Test Series<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.797%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-textbooks?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Textbooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Check Out UPSC NCERT Textbooks From PW Store<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 61.393%; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-modules?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Modules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Check Out UPSC Modules From PW Store<\/b><\/a><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Serious concerns have been expressed by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare over hospitals not sharing data on organ transplantation activities with them in a circular.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":160128,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"paper-wise":[2084],"subject":[2124],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/160145"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/current-affairs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=160145"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/160145\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":160150,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/160145\/revisions\/160150"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/160128"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=160145"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=160145"},{"taxonomy":"paper-wise","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper-wise?post=160145"},{"taxonomy":"subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/subject?post=160145"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}