{"id":161335,"date":"2025-04-07T19:14:40","date_gmt":"2025-04-07T13:44:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&#038;p=161335"},"modified":"2025-04-07T19:14:40","modified_gmt":"2025-04-07T13:44:40","slug":"world-health-day-2025","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/world-health-day-2025","title":{"rendered":"World Health Day 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">World Health Day, observed annually on <\/span><b>7 April, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">highlights pressing global health issues and mobilises action to improve public health outcomes.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About World Health day<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-161330 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/72-67f3d1b9444c0.webp\" alt=\"World Health Day\" width=\"349\" height=\"221\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/72-67f3d1b9444c0.webp 560w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/72-67f3d1b9444c0-300x190.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 349px) 100vw, 349px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Started by the<\/span><b> World Health Organization (WHO)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in <\/span><b>1950<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, it unites governments, institutions, and communities in addressing critical health priorities each year.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Theme for 2025:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8220;<\/span><b>Healthy beginnings, hopeful futures&#8221;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Focus area<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Maternal and newborn health, aiming to end preventable deaths and secure long-term health for women and children.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>India\u2019s Efforts in Strengthening Healthcare<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Maternal and Child Health Progress<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India\u2019s <\/span><b>Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) declined from 130 (2014-16) to 97 (2018-20) per 1,00,000 live births.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over the last three decades (1990\u20132020), MMR in India has reduced by 83%, compared to a 42% global decline.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Improvement in Child Mortality Indicators<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">decreased from 39 (2014) to 28 (2020) per 1,000 live births.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> reduced from 26 (2014) to 20 (2020) per 1,000 live births.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Under-5 Mortality Rate (U5MR)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> dropped from 45 (2014) to 32 (2020) per 1,000 live births.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Comparative Progress: India vs Global (1990\u20132020)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.8873%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 19.666%; text-align: center;\"><b>Indicator<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 38.2189%; text-align: center;\"><b>India Reduction (%)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 118.433%; text-align: center;\"><b>Global Reduction (%)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 19.666%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MMR<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 38.2189%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">83%<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 118.433%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">42%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 19.666%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NMR<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 38.2189%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">65%<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 118.433%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">51%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 19.666%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">IMR<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 38.2189%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">69%<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 118.433%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">55%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 19.666%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">U5MR<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 38.2189%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">75%<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 118.433%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">58%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Key Interventions for Maternal Health<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Maternal Death Surveillance and Response (MDSR):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Strengthening maternal death audits to improve obstetric care.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Mother and Child Protection (MCP) Card and Safe Motherhood Booklet:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Disseminated to educate pregnant women on vital healthcare practices.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) Portal:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A digital platform to track antenatal, delivery, and postnatal care services.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Anaemia Mukt Bharat (AMB):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A nationwide campaign under POSHAN Abhiyaan for the prevention and management of anaemia among adolescents and pregnant women.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Birth Waiting Homes (BWH):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Established in remote regions to facilitate timely institutional deliveries.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Village Health, Sanitation, and Nutrition Days (VHSND):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Conducted monthly for comprehensive maternal and child care at Anganwadi Centres.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Outreach Camps:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Organized in tribal and remote areas for maternal healthcare access and high-risk pregnancy monitoring.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Wider Access to Quality Health Services<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Ayushman Arogya Mandirs (AAMs):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Over 1.76 lakh<\/span><b> Ayushman Arogya Mandirs <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">are operational across India as of 5th April 2025.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>More than 107.10 crore hypertension screenings<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>94.56 crore diabetes screenings<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> have been conducted at these centres.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Over 5.06 crore wellness sessions,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> including yoga and meditation activities, have been held at AAMs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Quality Assurance in Public Health Facilities:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Over<\/span><b> 17,000 government health facilities <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">have been certified under the <\/span><b>National Quality Assurance Standards (NQAS) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">as of November 2024.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over 76 crore<\/span><b> Ayushman Bharat Health Accounts (ABHA) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">have been created under ABDM by April 2025.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More than 5.95 lakh healthcare professionals and 3.86 lakh health facilities are verified under the ABDM and <\/span><b>Over 52 crore health records have been digitally linked.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>U-WIN Platform: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The U-WIN platform enables digital tracking of<\/span><b> immunization for pregnant women and children (0\u201316 years).\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As of December 2024, 7.90 crore beneficiaries have been registered and 29.22 crore vaccine doses have been recorded.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>eSanjeevani Telemedicine Platform: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">eSanjeevani has facilitated over 36 crore teleconsultations since 2020, making it the world\u2019s largest telemedicine platform for primary healthcare.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As of April 2025, 232,291 providers, 131,793 spokes, and 17,051 hubs are operational under the platform.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Affordable Health Coverage for All under AB-PMJAY:<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over 55 crore economically vulnerable citizens are covered under <\/span><b>PM Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with<\/span><b> \u20b95 lakh health insurance per family.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More than <\/span><b>40 crore Ayushman Cards have been issued as of April 2025.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Over 8.50 crore hospital admissions <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">have been authorised.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over 25 lakh enrollments for <\/span><b>Ayushman Vay Vandana Cards<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> were recorded by December 2024.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Mental Health and Wellness Interventions: Tele-MANAS <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">operates 53 cells across 36 States\/UTs, <\/span><b>offering 24&#215;7 mental health support<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in 20 languages.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over<\/span><b> 20 lakh calls have been handled as of April 2025,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with \u20b9230 crores allocated over three years.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As of April 2025, there are around 440 Rehabilitation and Halfway Homes for mental health patients according to the Manoashraya Dashboard.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Disease Elimination and Control Efforts<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Malaria Elimination: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Between 2017 and 2023, malaria cases reduced by 69% and deaths by 68%. India <\/span><b>exited WHO&#8217;s High Burden to High Impact (HBHI) list in 2024.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Trachoma Elimination: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India achieved the elimination of Trachoma as a public health problem in 2024, recognized by WHO.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Measles and Rubella Control: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strong vaccination drives led to 50 districts reporting no measles cases and 226 districts with no rubella cases by March 2024.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Tuberculosis (TB) Control: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Under the <\/span><b>National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP), <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">TB incidence fell by<\/span><b> 17.7% between 2015 and 2023.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">TB-related deaths declined, and missing TB cases reduced by 83% during this period.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Kala-azar Elimination: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As of October 2024, India successfully<\/span><b> achieved Kala-azar elimination,<\/b> <b>with 100% of endemic blocks<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> meeting elimination targets.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India\u2019s public health advancements reflect a strong commitment to equitable, inclusive, and accessible healthcare.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Major initiatives such as Ayushman Bharat, the National Health Mission, and maternal programs like JSY, PMSMA, SUMAN, and Lashya have significantly improved maternal and child health outcomes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Digital health interventions like ABDM, eSanjeevani, disease elimination drives, and mental health support through Tele-MANAS contribute to India\u2019s steady progress towards universal health coverage.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6375%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 111.19%; 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