{"id":163843,"date":"2025-04-28T19:30:44","date_gmt":"2025-04-28T14:00:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&p=163843"},"modified":"2025-04-28T19:30:44","modified_gmt":"2025-04-28T14:00:44","slug":"isro-tests-semicryogenic-engine","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/isro-tests-semicryogenic-engine","title":{"rendered":"ISRO Tests SemiCryogenic Engine"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recently, ISRO successfully conducted the<\/span><b> second short-duration hot test <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of its <\/span><b>semicryogenic engine at ISRO Propulsion Complex (IPRC),Mahendragiri,Tamilnadu <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">validating engine start-up sequence and stable ignition.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About ISRO\u2019s Semicryogenic Engine<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ISRO\u2019s semicryogenic engine uses<\/span><b> liquid oxygen (LOX) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">as the<\/span><b> oxidizer <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>refined kerosene (RP-1) as fuel<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, operating at <\/span><b>extremely high pressures and temperatures.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Features<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: It offers <\/span><b>higher thrust, better efficiency, reusability potential, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>simpler handling<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> compared to full cryogenic systems, operating partly under cryogenic conditions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Significance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: It will enhance ISRO\u2019s launch vehicle capabilities, making them more <\/span><b>powerful, cost-effective, and globally competitive for heavier payloads.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Difference Between Cryogenic and Semicryogenic Engines\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6993%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 24.3487%;\"><b>Aspect<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 37.4749%;\"><b>Cryogenic Engine<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 38.0659%;\"><b>Semicryogenic Engine<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.3487%;\"><b>Fuel Used<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 37.4749%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Liquid hydrogen (LH2)<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 38.0659%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Refined kerosene (RP-1)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.3487%;\"><b>Oxidizer Used<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 37.4749%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Liquid oxygen (LOX)<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 38.0659%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Liquid oxygen (LOX)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.3487%;\"><b>Operating Temperatures<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 37.4749%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Extremely low (both fuel and oxidizer are cryogenic)<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 38.0659%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oxidizer is cryogenic; fuel is at normal temperature<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.3487%;\"><b>Complexity<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 37.4749%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Higher (due to LH2 handling and storage challenges)<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 38.0659%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Moderate (kerosene is easier to store and use)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.3487%;\"><b>Thrust<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 37.4749%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Generally lower for size<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 38.0659%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Higher thrust compared to cryogenic for size<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.3487%;\"><b>Efficiency (Specific Impulse)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 37.4749%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Very high efficiency<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 38.0659%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Moderate to high efficiency<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.3487%;\"><b>Use Case<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 37.4749%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Upper stages of launch vehicles (precision)<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 38.0659%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Core\/first stages (initial heavy lift-off)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6375%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 111.19%; 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