{"id":16388,"date":"2023-05-20T15:26:03","date_gmt":"2023-05-20T09:56:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?p=16388"},"modified":"2023-06-26T06:13:24","modified_gmt":"2023-06-26T00:43:24","slug":"gujarats-efforts-to-become-indias-green-hydrogen-hub","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/gujarats-efforts-to-become-indias-green-hydrogen-hub","title":{"rendered":"Gujarat&#8217;s efforts to become India\u2019s green hydrogen hub"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Context:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gujarat has set the ball rolling to become the country\u2019s green hydrogen manufacturing hub and retain its dominance over the industrial sector.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The State has signed memoranda of understanding (MoUs) with several big corporates.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b><i>Probable Question:\u00a0<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Enumerate the types of hydrogen that can be used as a fuel. Discuss how green hydrogen can support India&#8217;s objectives of decarbonization along with the roadblocks faced.<\/span><\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-16390 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/20-msy.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"536\" height=\"531\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/20-msy.png 536w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/20-msy-300x297.png 300w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/20-msy-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/20-msy-360x357.png 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 536px) 100vw, 536px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Image Source: The Hindu<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>About the news<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gujarat aims to become a hub for green hydrogen by creating a production capacity of <\/span><b>8 metric tonnes per annum (MTPA) by 2035.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It plans to give the status of a priority sector by framing a new policy for green hydrogen manufacturing.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It has alloted of 1.99 lakh hectares in the Kutch \u00adBanaskantha border areas for green Hyde schemes.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Additional Information\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>National Green Hydrogen Mission: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0It was approved by the Union Cabinet in 2022, with the intended objectives of:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Making India a leading producer and supplier of Green Hydrogen in the world<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Creation of export opportunities for Green Hydrogen and its derivatives<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reduction in dependence on imported fossil fuels and feedstock<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Development of indigenous manufacturing capabilities<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Attracting investment and business opportunities for the industry<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Creating opportunities for employment and economic development<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supporting R&#038;D projects<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Mission Outcomes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The mission outcomes projected by 2030 are:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Development of green hydrogen production capacity of at least 5 MMT (Million Metric Tonne) per annum with an associated renewable energy capacity addition of about 125 GW in the country<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over Rs. Eight lakh crore in total investments<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Creation of over Six lakh jobs<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cumulative reduction in fossil fuel imports over Rs. One lakh crore<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Abatement of nearly 50 MMT of annual greenhouse gas emissions<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>Types of hydrogen based on extraction method:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depending on the nature of the method of its extraction, hydrogen is categorised into three categories, namely, Grey, Blue and Green.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Grey Hydrogen<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: It is produced via coal or lignite gasification (black or brown), or via a process called steam methane reformation (SMR) of natural gas or methane (grey). These tend to be mostly carbon-intensive processes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Blue Hydrogen<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: It is produced via natural gas or coal gasification combined with carbon capture storage (CCS) or carbon capture use (CCU) technologies to reduce carbon emissions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Green Hydrogen<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is produced using electrolysis of water with electricity generated by renewable energy.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The carbon intensity ultimately depends on the carbon neutrality of the source of electricity (i.e. The more renewable energy there is in the electricity fuel mix, the greener the hydrogen produced).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Benefits of Green Hydrogen:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Clean source of energy:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It can decarbonize a range of sectors including iron and steel, chemicals, and transportation.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Potential to transform transportation<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">as a direct replacement of fossil fuels.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Channelizing renewable energy: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Renewable energy that cannot be stored or used by the grid can be channelled to produce hydrogen.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Hydrogen FCEV (Fuel cell electric vehicles)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are better in comparison to Battery electric vehicles.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Challenges<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Regulatory Overlap: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ministry of Road Transport and Highways regulates vehicle\u2019s fuel carrier specification, MNRE regulates renewable energy sources and Petroleum and Explosives Safety Organisation regulates explosive substances, storage and fuel station\u2019s specifications.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Energy-intensive extraction<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Hydrogen is not found freely as it exists only combined with other elements and has to be extracted from naturally occurring compounds like water.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>High Cost<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; The technology used in production and use of hydrogen like carbon capture and storage (CCS) and hydrogen fuel cell technology are at nascent stage and are expensive which in turn increases the cost of production of hydrogen.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>High R&#038;D requirement<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The commercial usage of hydrogen as a fuel and in industries requires mammoth investment in R&#038;D.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/cities\/Delhi\/how-gujarat-is-working-to-become-indias-green-hydrogen-hub\/article66871279.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b><i>News Source: The Hindu <\/i><\/b><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Context:\u00a0 Gujarat has set the ball rolling to become the country\u2019s green hydrogen manufacturing hub and retain its dominance over the industrial sector.\u00a0 The State has signed memoranda of understanding (MoUs) with several big corporates. Probable Question:\u00a0 Enumerate the types of hydrogen that can be used as a fuel. Discuss how green hydrogen can support&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/gujarats-efforts-to-become-indias-green-hydrogen-hub\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Gujarat&#8217;s efforts to become India\u2019s green hydrogen hub<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[976],"paper-wise":[],"subject":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/16388"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/current-affairs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16388"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/current-affairs\/16388\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16388"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16388"},{"taxonomy":"paper-wise","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper-wise?post=16388"},{"taxonomy":"subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/subject?post=16388"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}