{"id":165515,"date":"2025-05-06T20:04:51","date_gmt":"2025-05-06T14:34:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=current-affairs&p=165515"},"modified":"2025-05-06T20:04:51","modified_gmt":"2025-05-06T14:34:51","slug":"greenfield-airports","status":"publish","type":"current-affairs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/greenfield-airports","title":{"rendered":"Greenfield Airports"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recently, the Minister of Civil Aviation has granted in-principle approval for the establishment of a Greenfield air<\/span><b>port in Kota, Rajasthan and Puri in Odisha.<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>What is a Greenfield Airport?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A greenfield airpor<\/span><b>t is a new aviation facility built from scratch on previously undeveloped land.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The development of Greenfield airports is regu<\/span><b>lated by the Greenfield Airports (GFA) Policy, 2008.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.7007%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #000000;\"><b>Greenfield Airports (GFA) Policy<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>I<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ntroduced<\/span><b> in 2008.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Objective: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Facilitate development of new airport<\/span><b>s on underdeveloped land.\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Key aspects<\/b><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Approval process:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Involves two stages <\/span><b>&#8211; &#8216;Site Clearance&#8217; followed by &#8216;In-Principle&#8217; approval, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Granted by<\/span><b> the Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA).<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Eligibility: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Both state governments and private entities can propose for Greenfield Airport projects, subject to compliance with the policy guidelines.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India&#8217;s first Greenfield airport built in the<\/span><b> northeastern region is Pakyong Airport, located in Sikkim.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Key Characteristics<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Land: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Built on undeveloped or empty land, such <\/span><b>as meadows or grasslands.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Construction: T<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">he project is created entirely from scratch, without the need for demolishing old structures, unlike<\/span><b> brownfield projects<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> which involve improving existing facilit<\/span><b>ies.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Advantages of Greenfield Airports<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>No Demolition Needed: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Engineers do not have to spend time tearing down old buildings, making the construction process faster a<\/span><b>nd more efficient.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Improved Connectivity<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Enhances <\/span><b>regional and international air travel<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Helps <\/span><b>decongest existing airports<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in urban areas.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Economic Growth<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Boosts <\/span><b>local businesses, tourism, and employment<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Encourages <\/span><b>investment and trade<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in surrounding regions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Environmental Benefits<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Can be <\/span><b>planned with eco-friendly measures<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> like <\/span><b>green energy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>sustainable construction<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reduces <\/span><b>pollution and congestion<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> compared to expanding older airports.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Key points of the New Greenfield Airports in Kota and Puri<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Kota Airport &#8211; A Key Development<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Location: Kota, Rajasthan<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kota is<\/span><b> a major educational and industrial hub<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The airport will cater to the growing <\/span><b>population and economic activity <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in the Hadoti region.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Puri Airport: Strengthening Religious Tourism<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Puri, home to Lord Jagannath, is one of India&#8217;s most sacred pilg<\/span><b>rimage sites.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Millions of devotees and tourists visit Puri every year, making air connectivity essential.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The airport will improve direct travel betw<\/span><b>een Puri and major metropolitan cities.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This development aligns with<\/span><b> the government&#8217;s goal of enhancing last-mile air connectivity.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Difference Between Greenfield and Brownfield Airports<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.7998%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 18.0361%;\"><b>Feature<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 40.5986%;\"><b>Greenfield Airport<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 44.8984%;\"><b>Brownfield Airport<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0361%;\"><b>Definition<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 40.5986%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Built from scratch on undeveloped land.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 44.8984%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Developed on previously used land.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0361%;\"><b>Land Use<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 40.5986%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Previously unused land.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 44.8984%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Previously developed land.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0361%;\"><b>Construction<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 40.5986%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Entirely new construction.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 44.8984%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Upgrading\/expansion of existing facilities.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0361%;\"><b>Design<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 40.5986%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Greater flexibility in design.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 44.8984%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Design may be constrained by existing infrastructure.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0361%;\"><b>Environmental Impact<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 40.5986%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Opportunity to incorporate modern environmental standards from the start.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 44.8984%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">May involve addressing existing environmental issues.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0361%;\"><b>Planning<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 40.5986%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More complex planning due to lack of prior infrastructure.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 44.8984%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Relatively less complex planning.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.0361%;\"><b>Examples<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 40.5986%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Navi Mumbai International Airport (India), Noida International Airport (India)<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 44.8984%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Indira Gandhi International Airport (Delhi, expansion), Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport (Mumbai, expansion)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<div class=\"vc_table_green\"><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.6375%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 111.19%; 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