{"id":136936,"date":"2024-10-11T13:40:52","date_gmt":"2024-10-11T08:10:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=docs&#038;p=136936"},"modified":"2024-12-26T12:31:00","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T07:01:00","password":"","slug":"enhancing-judicial-infrastructure-india","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/docs\/enhancing-judicial-infrastructure-india","title":{"rendered":"Enhancing Judicial Infrastructure in India: Challenges, Developments and the Path Ahead"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Judicial infrastructure<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is crucial for an <\/span><b>efficient and effective justice system<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Proper facilities and resources are essential for<\/span><b> judges, lawyers, and court staff<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to perform their duties fairly and promptly. Since <\/span><b>1993-94<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the Central Government has implemented a <\/span><b>Centrally Sponsored Scheme<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to support State Governments in developing infrastructure for district and subordinate courts. This scheme aims to improve <\/span><b>physical infrastructure<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and<\/span><b> housing for Judicial Officers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, enhancing the overall justice delivery system.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #ff6600;\"><b>Enhancing Judicial Infrastructure for Effective Justice Delivery<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Judicial Infrastructure in India<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Components of Judicial Infrastructure: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It includes physical premises of <\/span><b>courts, tribunals, lawyers\u2019 chambers, digital and human resources <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">etc.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Definition of Efficient Judicial Infrastructure:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The term<\/span><b> \u201cefficient judicial infrastructure<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d denotes providing equal and free access to justice which can be realised through a <\/span><b>\u201cbarrier free and citizen friendly environment\u201d<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Responsibility for Development: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Currently, the primary responsibility of development of infrastructure facilities for the judiciary\u00a0 rests with the state governments, but the <\/span><b>Central Government<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> regularly provides <\/span><b>financial assistance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Centrally Sponsored Scheme: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Union Government has been implementing a Centrally Sponsored Scheme for <\/span><b>Development of Infrastructure Facilities since 1993-94<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for augmenting resources and financial assistance in prescribed funding patterns to the State Governments in <\/span><b>district as well as <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/subordinate-courts\/\"><b>subordinate courts<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Coverage: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It covers the construction of <\/span><b>court buildings<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>residential accommodations<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for judicial officers of <\/span><b>district and subordinate judiciary <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and this scheme is also extended further from <\/span><b>2021-22 to 2025-26.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Current Status<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-136940 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/unnamed-10-1.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"479\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/unnamed-10-1.webp 640w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/unnamed-10-1-300x225.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><i><span class=\"vc_button\"><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/i><\/a><i><\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Judicial Infrastructure Development Scheme\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Objective: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Improve physical infrastructure and housing for Judicial Officers in District and Subordinate Courts to enhance justice delivery.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Key Points: (As per data available from the Department of Justice)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Responsibility:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>State Governments: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Primary responsibility for infrastructure development.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Central Government:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Provides financial assistance to augment State resources.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Coverage:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Included:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> All <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/udaan\/states-and-union-territories\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">States and Union Territories<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Excluded:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> High Court buildings.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Allowed Activities:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New construction.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Upgradation or renovation of existing court buildings.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Housing needs for Judicial Officers.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Not Allowed: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Routine maintenance or upkeep.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Funding:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Initial Funding (1993): Central and State Governments<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> shared funding on a <\/span><b>50:50 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">basis.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"2\"><b>Revised Funding:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><b>2011-12:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Changed to <\/span><b>75:25<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Centre: State) and <\/span><b>90:10<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for North Eastern States.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><b>2015-16: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Changed to <\/span><b>60:40<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Centre: State) and maintained<\/span><b> 90:10<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for North Eastern and Himalayan States.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><b>Union Territories: 100% <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Central funding.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Extension and Current Status:\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Extended from 01.04.2017 to 31.03.2020 with an outlay of Rs. 3,320 crores.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Interim extension granted till 31.03.2021 pending <\/span><b>Fifteenth <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/finance-commission\/\"><b>Finance Commission<\/b><\/a><b> recommendations.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Consideration for continuation from 01.04.2021 to 31.03.2026 is ongoing.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Infrastructure Statistics (as of 31.03.2021)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<table style=\"width: 99.7027%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 82.0084%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Sanctioned Strength of Judicial Officers<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 108.039%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">24,291<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 82.0084%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Court Halls Available:\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 108.039%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">20,115<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 82.0084%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Court Halls Under Construction:<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 108.039%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,423<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 82.0084%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Residential Units Available:<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 108.039%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">17,705<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 82.0084%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Residential Units Under Construction<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 108.039%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,857<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Planning and Monitoring<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Chief Justices\u2019 Conference (April 2016) Resolutions:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Develop <\/span><b>five-year and annual action plans<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Complete under-construction projects pending for three or more years.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ensure timely completion of court complexes and residential accommodations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Form committees for monitoring and coordination:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><b>High Court Level:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Three Judges, Chief Secretary, Secretaries of Finance, Public Works, and Law Departments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><b>District Level: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">District Judges and Portfolio Judges.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Monthly reporting<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>monitoring of fund utilization<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Online progress updates by <\/span><b>all High Courts<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Challenges for Judicial Infrastructure<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Staff Crunch<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 30% of sanctioned jailed executive staff posts still lie vacant.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Digital Literacy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Internet rural penetration is 32.34% whereas urban penetration rate is 99.12%.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Shortage of judicial infrastructure<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 32% courtrooms have separate record rooms.73% have no video-conferencing facility.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Judicial Vacancies:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> According to the <\/span><b>Supreme\u00a0 Court\u2019s 2018-19 report, UP state <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">has the <\/span><b>highest vacancy (28%)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> followed by<\/span><b> Bihar<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(13%).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Need for Reforms in Judicial Infrastructure<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Infrastructure and Productivity in Justice Delivery<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: It is a prerequisite where judicial officers shall\u00a0 efficiently perform their responsibilities while dispensing justice because <\/span><b>present backlog cases are around\u00a0 3.3 crore cases.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Improve Digitisation Program of Government<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Due to <\/span><b>COVID 19<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pandemic and shifting towards digitalization helps\u00a0 to ensure modernization of judicial infrastructure in the country<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Lack of Accountability<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Most district judges who head trial courts don\u2019t pursue development projects due to <\/span><b>short-term appointments<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>transferable jobs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> among others.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Under-utilisation of Funds<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Some states transfer part of their funds for non-judicial purposes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Implementation Issue<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: It is still being carried out in an <\/span><b>ad-hoc and unplanned<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> manner owing to lack of a single dedicated agency for the purpose.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-136953 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Screenshot-2024-10-11-133932.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"555\" height=\"359\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Screenshot-2024-10-11-133932.webp 555w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Screenshot-2024-10-11-133932-300x194.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 555px) 100vw, 555px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Measures to improve Judicial Infrastructure<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Increase Budgetary Allocation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Budgetary allocation to the judicial branch should be increased.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Staff Recruitment<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Recruitment of staff should be done to Improve shortage of staff in judiciary.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Accessibility Improvements<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Appropriate provisioning of availability of ramps, tactile pavements, braille notices etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Decentralization of High Courts<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: High Courts should be decentralised\u00a0 and more branches should be established.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Delegation of Administrative Functions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Administrative functions should be delegated <\/span><b>to improve efficiency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and allow judges to focus more on adjudication.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Leveraging IT Tools<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: IT tools can be leveraged for<\/span><b> video conferencing, streamlining procedures<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and implementing case management systems like <\/span><b>e-libraries of cases<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the judicial process.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Other steps taken by government to enhance judicial infrastructure<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>eCourts Mission Mode Project: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For establishment of districts &#038; subordinate courts.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Fast Track Special Courts <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(FSTC).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Launching Of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/gram-nyayalayas-family-courts\/\"><b>Gram Nyayalaya<\/b><\/a><b> Online Portal<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Data Governance Quality Index<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to assess the data preparedness.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><i><span class=\"vc_button\"><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/i><\/a><i><\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.406%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 210.698%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #ff5e00; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><b>Must Read<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50.2186%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/\"><b>Current Affairs<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 160.48%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/editorial-analysis\/\"><b>Editorial Analysis<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50.2186%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\"><b>Upsc Notes\u00a0<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 160.48%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/blogs\/\"><b>Upsc Blogs\u00a0<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50.2186%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/ncert-notes\/\"><b>NCERT Notes<\/b><\/a><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 160.48%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/mains-answer-writing\/\"><b>Free Main Answer Writing<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Enhancing judicial infrastructure <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is one of the best gifts we can give to our nation, ensuring <\/span><b>well-equipped courtrooms<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and<\/span><b> residential facilities<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for judges.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Improved infrastructure will not only<\/span><b> increase efficiency <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">but also <\/span><b>promote digitization<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, making the justice system more <\/span><b>accessible and effective for all<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>ongoing efforts<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>reforms<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are essential to address current challenges and build a robust judicial framework for the future.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b><i>Sign up for the<\/i><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <b><i>PWOnlyIAS Online Course by Physics Wallah<\/i><\/b><\/a><b><i> and start your journey to IAS success today!<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.094%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 151.141%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #ff5e00; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><b>Related Articles\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50.2092%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/subordinate-courts\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Subordinate Courts in India<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 100.932%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/gram-nyayalayas-family-courts\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gram Nyayalayas &#038; Family Courts in India<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50.2092%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/finance-commission\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Finance Commission<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 100.932%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/udaan\/states-and-union-territories\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">STATES AND UNION TERRITORIES<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Examine the condition of judicial infrastructure in India, encompassing current challenges, governmental initiatives, and the prospective evolution of court development to help in your UPSC Exam preparation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"doc_category":[122],"doc_tag":[5942],"acf":[],"year_month":"2026-04","word_count":954,"total_views":0,"reactions":{"happy":0,"normal":0,"sad":0},"author_info":{"name":"Priyanka","author_nicename":"priyanka6","author_url":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/author\/priyanka6"},"doc_category_info":[{"term_name":"INDIAN 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