{"id":137528,"date":"2024-10-15T17:06:58","date_gmt":"2024-10-15T11:36:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=docs&#038;p=137528"},"modified":"2024-12-31T18:23:22","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T12:53:22","password":"","slug":"finance-commission-india","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/docs\/finance-commission-india","title":{"rendered":"Finance Commission of India: Structure, Roles and Impact on Fiscal Policy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/finance-commission\/\"><b>Finance Commission<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (FC) mentioned under<\/span><b> Article 280<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, is a <\/span><b>constitutional body<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> formed by the <\/span><b>President<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of India every fifth year or at such earlier time as he considers necessary. It is a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/pyq\/what-is-a-quasi-judicial-body-explain-with-the-help-of-concrete-examples-200-words-12-5-marks\/\"><b>Quasi-Judicial <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">body<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> mandated to make recommendations for <\/span><b>horizontal<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>vertical <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sharing of the divisible pool of taxes between the <\/span><b>Union<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the<\/span><b> States<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and determine the principles for central <\/span><b>grants-in-aid to states <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and other such matters referred to it by the President.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #ff6600;\"><b>The Finance Commission of India<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Composition<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The Finance Commission consists of a <\/span><b>chairman and four other members<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to be appointed by the <\/span><b>President<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. They are eligible for reappointment.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Parliamentary Authority<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The Constitution authorizes the <\/span><b>Parliamen<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t to determine the <\/span><b>qualifications <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of members and <\/span><b>how they should be selected.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Legislative Framework<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Parliament hence enacted<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the <\/span><b>Finance Commission (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1951 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to provide for the <\/span><b>qualification criteria, service conditions of members, powers, and procedures<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Commission.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><i><span class=\"vc_button\"><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/i><\/a><i><\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #ff6600;\"><b>Key Aspects of the Finance Commission (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1951<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Qualification: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This act entails<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the qualifications required for the <\/span><b>chairman and 4 other members <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of the commission:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The chairman must possess experience in <\/span><b>public affairs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, while the other four members can be selected from the following categories:<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/high-court-judges-appointment\/\"><b>high court judge<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or someone eligible for the position.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An individual with <\/span><b>expertise in government finance and accounting<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Someone with extensive <\/span><b>experience in finance and administration<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An individual with<strong> s<\/strong><\/span><b>pecialised knowledge in economics<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Tenure and Reappointment:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Every member of the Commission shall hold office for such a period as may be specified in the order of the <\/span><b>President<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> appointing him.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, a member may <\/span><b>resign<\/b> <b>by addressing a letter to the President<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Members are eligible for reappointment.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Disqualification for Membership: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A person shall be disqualified from being appointed as a member of the Commission:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If he is of<\/span><b> unsound mind<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If he is an <\/span><b>undischarged insolvent<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If he has been convicted of an offence involving <\/span><b>moral turpitude<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If he has such<\/span><b> financial or other interest <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">as is likely to prejudicially affect their functions as a member of the Commission.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Conditions of Service and Salaries of Members<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Service Specification:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Members of the Commission may render<\/span><b> whole-time or part-time<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> service as specified by the <\/span><b>President<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Salaries and Allowances: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fees or salaries and allowances for members are determined by the<\/span><b> Central Government <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">through rules notified in the Official Gazette.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Parliamentary Oversight:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Every rule<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> made regarding salaries and allowances is laid before each House of <\/span><b>Parliament for thirty days<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If both Houses agree to modify or annul a rule within this period, the rule is affected accordingly without prejudice to prior actions taken under it.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Procedure and Powers of the Commission<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Procedure Determination: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Commission decides its <\/span><b>own procedures<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Civil Court Powers: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Commission has the powers of a civil court under the<\/span><b> Code of Civil Procedure, 1908<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, in the following matters:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><b>Summoning<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and enforcing the attendance of witnesses.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Requiring the <\/span><b>production of documents<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><b>Requisitioning any public record<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from any court or office.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Information Requirement:<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Commission can require <\/span><b>any person<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to furnish information relevant to its considerations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Such a person is<\/span><b> legally bound <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to provide the information, overriding the provisions of the<\/span><b> Indian Income-tax Act, 1922<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, or any other law.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Civil Court Status:<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Commission shall determine their <\/span><b>procedure and in the performance of their functions <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">shall have all the powers of a civil court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908. Thus, the Finance Commission is a <\/span><b>quasi-judicial body<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Jurisdiction Limits: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For enforcing <\/span><b>witness attendance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the Commission&#8217;s jurisdiction extends to the <\/span><b>entire territory of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Roles and Responsibilities<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Presidential Submission: Article 281<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Constitution provides that the<\/span><b> President<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">shall cause every recommendation made by the Finance Commission together with an explanatory memorandum as to the action taken thereon to be laid before<\/span><b> each <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/ncert-notes\/lok-sabha-rajya-sabha-in-the-indian-houses-of-parliament\/\"><b>House of Parliament<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Revenue Allocation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Finance Commission&#8217;s responsibilities include providing <\/span><b>recommendations to the President of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on the following matters:<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Tax Distribution:<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Between Union and States:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Recommending the distribution of<\/span><b> net proceeds of union taxes.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Among States: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recommending the<\/span><b> distribution of shares<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> among states.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Grants-in-Aid Principles<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Allocating the net tax proceeds shared between the <\/span><b>Central government and the states<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, as well as determining <\/span><b>how those proceeds are divided <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">among the states.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Local Body Funding<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Establishing the<\/span><b> principles governing grants-in-aid<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from the <\/span><b>Consolidated Fund of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to the states.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Augmenting State Funds: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Following the <\/span><b>73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in 1993, recommending measures to augment the <\/span><b>Consolidated Fund of a State<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to supplement the resources of <\/span><b>panchayats<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>municipalities<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Additional Matters: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Addressing any other financial matters referred by the<\/span><b> President<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the interest of fiscal stability.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over the years, additional matters have been increasingly referred to the Finance Commission.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The inclusion of<\/span><b> specific considerations<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for the Commission&#8217;s work started with the <\/span><b>second Finance Commission <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and has expanded since.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Advisory Body: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The recommendations of the Finance Commission are advisory in nature and do <\/span><b>not carry any constitutional recognition<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as legal rights for recipient states.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is up to the Union Government to implement its recommendations on granting money to the states.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Expansion of Terms of Reference (ToR):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The constitutional mandates are reflected in the ToR of the Finance Commissions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Normative Approach and Recommendations<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Normative Approach of Finance Commissions: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Finance Commissions use a normative approach to assess the <\/span><b>expenditure needs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>revenue-raising capacities<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Union and States for vertical tax distribution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D<\/span><b>uration of Recommendations: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recommendations are typically provided for a <\/span><b>period of five years.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Tax Devolution and Additional Recommendations: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In addition to tax devolution, Finance Commissions recommend:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Revenue Deficit Grants:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> For states with deficits after tax devolution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Grants for Calamity Relief and Local Bodies:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Assistance for dealing with natural disasters and supporting local governance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Other Specific Purposes:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Grants for other specific purposes as required.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Contributions of Finance Commissions:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> So far, 15 Finance Commissions have been appointed, each contributing to the fiscal stability and equitable resource distribution in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"width: 100.142%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Sixteenth Finance Commission<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Sixteenth Finance Commission was established on <\/span><b>December 31, 2023<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, with Shri <\/span><b>Arvind Panagariya<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, former Vice-Chairman of NITI Aayog, as its Chairman.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The<\/span><b> terms of reference<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for the Commission were notified on<\/span><b> December 31, 2023<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Sixteenth Finance Commission has been asked to submit its recommendations by <\/span><b>October 31, 2025<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, covering a <\/span><b>five-year period <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">starting from<\/span><b> April 1, 2026<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Reports of the 13th-15th Finance Commissions<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>13th Finance Commission<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Tax Devolution:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Increased the share of States in sharable Central taxes from<\/span><b> 30.5%<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to 32%.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"2\"><b>Distribution Criteria:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Population<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">25%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Area<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Fiscal Discipline<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">17.5%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Fiscal Capacity Distance<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 47.5%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>14th Finance Commission<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Approach: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Focused on tax devolution as the <\/span><b>primary resource transfer to States<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, increasing it from<\/span><b> 32% to 42%.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"2\"><b>Criteria and Weights:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"width: 75.8728%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1788%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Population<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 329.47%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">17.5%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1788%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Demographic Change<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 329.47%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1788%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Income Distance<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 329.47%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">50%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1788%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Area<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 329.47%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">15%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1788%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Forest Cover<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 329.47%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 7.5%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>15th Finance Commission<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"2\"><b>Reports:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">First Report for 2020-21<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Final Report for 2021-26<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Tax Devolution: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recommended <\/span><b>41%<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the net proceeds of divisible Union taxes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Special Grants: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recommended for <\/span><b>Karnataka, Mizoram, and Telangana<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, but not accepted by the Union Government.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"2\"><b>Criteria and Weights for Horizontal Devolution:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"width: 51.5422%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 77.8689%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Population:\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.355%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">15%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 77.8689%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Area:\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.355%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">15%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 77.8689%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Forest and Ecology:\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.355%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 77.8689%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Income Distance:\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.355%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">45%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 77.8689%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Tax and Fiscal Efforts:\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.355%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2.5%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 77.8689%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Demographic Performance:\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.355%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">12.5%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>State-Specific and Sector-Specific Grants:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Recommended but <\/span><b>not accepted by the Union Government.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><i><span class=\"vc_button\"><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/i><\/a><i><\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.342%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 321.9%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #ff5e00; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><b>Must Read<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.9703%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/\"><b>Current Affairs<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 271.929%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/editorial-analysis\/\"><b>Editorial Analysis<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.9703%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\"><b>Upsc Notes\u00a0<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 271.929%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/blogs\/\"><b>Upsc Blogs\u00a0<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.9703%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/ncert-notes\/\"><b>NCERT Notes<\/b><\/a><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 271.929%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/mains-answer-writing\/\"><b>Free Main Answer Writing<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Finance Commission<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> plays a vital role in maintaining <\/span><b>fiscal balance in India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, ensuring <\/span><b>equitable distribution of financial resources <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">between the Union and States.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While its recommendations have fostered <\/span><b>fiscal discipline<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, there is still a need for improved devolution of fiscal powers to <\/span><b>local bodies <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to achieve <\/span><b>balanced development<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #ff6600;\"><b>Constitutional Provisions Pertaining to Finance Commission<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"width: 100.126%; height: 90px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.5029%; height: 30px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Article<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 290.787%; height: 30px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Subject-Matter<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.5029%; height: 30px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>280<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 290.787%; height: 30px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Finance Commission<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 16.5029%; height: 30px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>281<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 290.787%; height: 30px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Recommendations of Finance Commission<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Finance Commissions Appointed So Far<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"width: 99.4432%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #ff5e00; width: 14.6958%;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><b>Finance Commission<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #ff5e00; width: 10.9364%;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><b>Chairman<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #ff5e00; width: 9.97949%;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><b>Appointed in<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #ff5e00; width: 45.6596%;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><b>Report Submitted in<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #ff5e00; width: 25.7006%;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><b>Implementation of report<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.6958%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>1st<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.9364%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K.C. Neogy<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.97949%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1951<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.6596%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1953<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.7006%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1952\u201357<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.6958%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>2nd<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.9364%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K. Santhanam<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.97949%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1956<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.6596%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1957<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.7006%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1957\u201362<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.6958%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>3rd<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.9364%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A.K. Chanda\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.97949%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1960<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.6596%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1962<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.7006%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1962\u201366<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.6958%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>4th<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.9364%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dr. P.V.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rajamannar<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.97949%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1964<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.6596%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1965<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.7006%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1966\u201369<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.6958%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>5th<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.9364%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mahavir Tyagi<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.97949%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1968<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.6596%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1969<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.7006%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1969\u201374<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.6958%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>6th<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.9364%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brahamananda<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reddy<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.97949%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1972<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.6596%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1973<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.7006%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1974\u201379<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.6958%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>7th<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.9364%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">J.M. Shelat<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.97949%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1977<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.6596%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1978<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.7006%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1979\u201384<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.6958%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>8th<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.9364%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Y.B. Chavan<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.97949%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1982<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.6596%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1984<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.7006%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1984\u201389<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.6958%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>9th<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.9364%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N.K.P. Salve\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.97949%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1987<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.6596%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1989<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.7006%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1989\u201395<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.6958%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>10th<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.9364%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K.C. Pant\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.97949%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1992<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.6596%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1994<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.7006%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1995\u20132000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.6958%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>11th<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.9364%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A.M. Khusro<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.97949%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1998<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.6596%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2000<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.7006%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2000\u20132005<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.6958%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>12th<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.9364%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dr. C.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rangarajan<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.97949%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2002<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.6596%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2004<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.7006%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2005\u20132010<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.6958%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>13th<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.9364%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dr. Vijay Kelkar\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.97949%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2007<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.6596%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2009<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.7006%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2010\u20132015<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.6958%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>14th<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.9364%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Y.V. Reddy\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.97949%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2013<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.6596%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2014<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.7006%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2015\u20132020<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.6958%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>15th<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.9364%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N.K. Singh<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.97949%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2017<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.6596%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The recommendations for the FY 2020-21, was tabled in Feb 2020.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The recommendations for the 2021-26 period was tabled on Feb 1, 2021.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.7006%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2020\u20132026<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b><i>Sign up for the<\/i><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <b><i>PWOnlyIAS Online Course by Physics Wallah<\/i><\/b><\/a><b><i> and start your journey to IAS success today!<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 101.317%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 312.725%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #ff5e00; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><b>Related Articles\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50.0255%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/finance-commission\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Finance Commission<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 262.699%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/high-court-judges-appointment\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">High Court Judges Appointment<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50.0255%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/pyq\/what-is-a-quasi-judicial-body-explain-with-the-help-of-concrete-examples-200-words-12-5-marks\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">quasi judicial body<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 262.699%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/ncert-notes\/lok-sabha-rajya-sabha-in-the-indian-houses-of-parliament\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Houses of Parliament<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>To help you prepare for the UPSC Exam, learn about the Finance Commission of India&#8217;s structure under Article 280, its main roles and responsibilities, and its influence on tax distribution and fiscal stability.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"doc_category":[122],"doc_tag":[5950],"acf":[],"year_month":"2026-04","word_count":1371,"total_views":0,"reactions":{"happy":0,"normal":0,"sad":0},"author_info":{"name":"Priyanka","author_nicename":"priyanka6","author_url":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/author\/priyanka6"},"doc_category_info":[{"term_name":"INDIAN POLITY","term_url":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/docs-category\/indian-polity"}],"doc_tag_info":[{"term_name":"Finance Commission","term_url":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/docs-tag\/finance-commission"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/137528"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/38"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=137528"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/137528\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":149544,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/137528\/revisions\/149544"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=137528"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_category?post=137528"},{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=137528"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}