{"id":28841,"date":"2023-07-25T12:12:55","date_gmt":"2023-07-25T06:42:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=docs&#038;p=28841"},"modified":"2024-05-22T14:55:23","modified_gmt":"2024-05-22T09:25:23","password":"","slug":"civil-disobedience-movement-1930-1931","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/docs\/civil-disobedience-movement-1930-1931","title":{"rendered":"Salt Satyagraha Movement: Dandi March, Civil Disobedience &#038; Struggle for Freedom"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #ff6600;\"><b>Dandi March: Salt Satyagraha Movement Ignites Civil Disobedience Movement<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Civil Disobedience Movement got its start with <\/span><b>Mahatma Gandhi\u2019s Dandi March<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. In March 1930, Gandhi set out on foot from Ahmedabad\u2019s Sabarmati Ashram with 78 other Ashram members for Dandi, a village on India\u2019s western seacoast in Gujarat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On April 6, 1930, they arrived in Dandi, where <\/span><b>Gandhi violated the Salt Law<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. It was illegal to manufacture salt in India because it was a British government monopoly. The Salt Satyagraha Movement helped to popularize the Civil Disobedience Movement, and the Salt Satyagraha Movement symbolized people\u2019s opposition to British government policies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Gandhi&#8217;s Decision: Sparking Civil Disobedience &#038; Salt Satyagraha Movement<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Gandhi unexpectedly quit the Non-Cooperation Movement<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> following the <a title=\"CHAURI-CHAURA INCIDENT (5 FEBRUARY 1922)\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/chauri-chaura-incident-5-february-1922\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chauri Chaura incident<\/a> in February 1922. As a result, several Congress leaders were demoralized, resulting in a sharp decline in the <a title=\"THE INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/indian-national-movement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">national movement<\/a>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The \u2018<\/span><b>No Changer\u2019 movement remained dispersed <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and disconnected from political developments. In villages, the No Changer group emphasized Gandhian Constructive Work.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Furthermore, widespread communal riots erupted in the mid-1920s as a result of the dissolution of Hindu-Muslim unity during the <a title=\"NON COOPERATION MOVEMENT 1920: TIMELINE, PHASES, AND WITHDRAWAL\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/non-cooperation-movement-1919-1922\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Non-Cooperation<\/a> Khilafat period.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Even though <\/span><b>Hindu-Muslim unity was never restored<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, there were many signs of anti-imperialist growth from 1928 onwards.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Lahore Congress of 1929 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">authorized the <\/span><b>Congress Working Committee (CWC)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to launch a civil disobedience campaign, including tax evasion. The CWC also granted Gandhi full authority to launch the Civil Disobedience Movement at a time and location of his choosing in 1930, at Sabarmati Ashram. These were some of the main reasons for the Civil Disobedience Movement.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/strong><\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Dandi March: Gandhi&#8217;s Salt Satyagraha Movement Ignites Change<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Dandi March, also known as the <\/span><b>Salt March<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, was an act of Gandhi\u2019s <\/span><b>nonviolent Civil Disobedience Movement<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Dandi Salt Satyagraha Movement is another name for it. On March 12, 1930, Gandhi launched the movement from his Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi Beach, a coastal town on the Arabian Sea.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He was accompanied by 78 of his selected followers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gandhi and his followers <\/span><b>broke the law by manufacturing sea salt.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The historic Dandi March sparked India\u2019s <a title=\"CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE MOVEMENT: OUTCOME, REPRESSION &#038; GANDHI\u2019S LEADERSHIP TOWARDS INDEPENDENCE\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/civil-disobedience-movement-second-phase\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Civil Disobedience Movement<\/a>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It all began on March 12, 1930, with Gandhi breaking the salt law by picking up a lump of salt at Dandi on April 6, 1930.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Salt Satyagraha Movement: Gandhi&#8217;s Fight Against Salt Tax Monopoly<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jawaharlal Nehru was elected President of the <\/span><b>Congress Session in Lahore in 1929<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. During this session of Congress, a <\/span><b>resolution declaring India\u2019s goal of complete independence <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">was passed. India sought complete independence.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Indians were excited, and they looked to Gandhi to carry the torch. The <\/span><b>Salt Satyagraha Movement <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">was founded by Gandhi. The Civil Disobedience Movement began with a violation of the salt law.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government <\/span><b>put an excise tax on salt, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">which brought in enormous amounts for the treasury.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government controlled the<\/span><b> salt manufacturing industry.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The India Salt Act of 1882 granted the government a <\/span><b>monopoly on salt collection <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and manufacturing.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Salt taxes would be challenged, and<\/span><b> salt laws would be broken.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Enroll now for UPSC Online Coaching<\/strong><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>#PWOnlyIAS Edge<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Why Was the Salt Satyagraha Movement Chosen?<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Inhuman Poll Tax:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Salt was chosen as a central theme for the Civil Disobedience Movement because Gandhi believed it to be an \u201cinhuman poll tax\u201d imposed on the rural poor, sick, and helpless by the government.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Common Grievance Of All:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It linked the ideal of swaraj with a common grievance of the poor and offered a small but psychologically important income through self-help.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Symbol of Solidarity: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It also offered urban citizens a symbol of solidarity with the suffering masses.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; color: #000000;\"><b>Gandhi&#8217;s Demands: Key Goals of Civil Disobedience Movement<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gandhi attempted to compromise one last time before launching the Salt Satyagraha Movement, also known as the Civil Disobedience Movement. He presented hi<\/span><b>s \u2018eleven points\u2019<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of administrative reform and stated that there would be no need for agitation if Lord Irwin accepted them. <\/span><b>The following were the demands:<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"> <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for Online Course<\/a> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The British government should declare their intention to grant complete independence to India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The immediate release of all political prisoners, including Bhagat Singh and his associates.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Abolition of the salt tax.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Abolition of all laws that restrict the freedom of speech, association, and assembly.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The removal of the ban on the civil disobedience movement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The removal of all restrictions on the peasants, including restrictions on the use of forest produce.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The repeal of the trade and commerce laws that affect the livelihood of the people.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The abolition of the feudal land revenue system.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The withdrawal of all army and police forces from the countryside.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reduction of military expenditure and military presence in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The provision of adequate representation of the Indian people in the legislative councils, both at the centre and in the provinces.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #ff6600;\"><b>Impact of Civil Disobedience: Economy &#038; Wide Social Participation<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Impact on Economy:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The Civil Disobedience Movement had a significant impact on the economy, with a decline in imports of foreign goods and a loss of government income from liquor, excise and land revenue.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Widespread Participation in Movement:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The movement saw widespread participation from various sections of the population, including women, students, and youth, who played a prominent role in picketing outside liquor shops, opium dens and shops selling foreign cloth.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Muslim Participation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Muslim participation was limited due to appeals from Muslim leaders and government encouragement of communal dissension, but some areas still saw overwhelming participation.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Other Class Participation In the Movement:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Traders, petty traders, tribals, workers and peasants were also active participants in the movement.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/strong><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>Government Response: Repression and Crackdown on Civil Disobedience<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Government Response\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Details<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Arrests\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The British colonial government in India arrested around 60,000 Indians who participated in the movement, including Mahatma Gandhi.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Use of Force\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government used force to suppress the movement, including lathi charges, tear gas, and even firing on unarmed protesters.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Imposition of Restrictions\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government imposed restrictions on public gatherings, processions, and even the possession of salt, which was a symbol of the movement.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Negotiations<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government also attempted to negotiate with Indian leaders to end the movement, but these efforts were unsuccessful.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Crackdown on Press<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government cracked down on the press, imposing censorship and banning publications that supported the movement.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Enroll now for UPSC Online Coaching<\/strong><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #ff6600;\"><b>Comparing Movements: Non-Cooperation vs Civil Disobedience<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Feature<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><b>Non-Cooperation Movement<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><b>Civil Disobedience Movement<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Year<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1920-1922\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1930-1934\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Objective<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To protest against the Rowlatt Act and British rule.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To demand complete independence from British rule.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Method<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Non-violent non-cooperation with the British government.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Non-violent non-cooperation with the British government.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Targeted policies<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Boycott of British goods and institutions.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Salt tax boycott, a boycott of British goods and institutions.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Participation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Significant participation by Muslims.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Less significant participation by Muslims.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Outcomes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This led to the withdrawal of the Non-Cooperation movement.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Led to increased participation in the Indian independence movement and eventual independence in 1947.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Significance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The first mass movement of India\u2019s independence struggle.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Signalled the beginning of the end of British colonial rule in India.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While the Civil Disobedience Movement did not immediately result in India\u2019s independence, it was a watershed moment in the country\u2019s fight against British colonial rule. The movement demonstrated the Indian people\u2019s strength and determination, paving the way for future movements and ultimately leading to India\u2019s independence in 1947.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>ON SALT SATYAGRAHA MOVEMENT FAQs<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Q1. What was the primary goal of the civil disobedience movement?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Ans.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The Civil Disobedience Movement sought to obstruct the running of the government by refusing to cooperate with the British. It also attempted to boycott government institutions and foreign goods, as well as refuse to pay taxes. Congress, on the other hand, had little success with this attempt.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/strong><\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Q2. When did civil disobedience begin?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Ans. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1930, Mahatma Gandhi launched the Civil Disobedience Movement (Dandi March).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Q3. What was the most significant aspect of the civil disobedience movement?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Ans. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The large-scale participation of women was a significant component of the Civil Disobedience Movement. Thousands of women came out of their homes to listen to Gandhi during his Salt Satyagraha Movement. They marched in protest, made salt, and picketed foreign cloth and liquor stores.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Q4. What were the three causes of the civil disobedience movement?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Ans. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Simon Commission, the defeat of the Dominion Status demand, and protests against the imprisonment of social revolutionaries were the key causes.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #ff5e00; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><b>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Must Read<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/ncert-notes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NCERT Notes For UPSC<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/daily-current-affairs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UPSC Daily Current Affairs<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/blogs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UPSC Blogs<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/editorial-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UPSC Daily Editorials<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/quiz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daily Current Affairs Quiz<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/mains-answer-writing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daily Main Answer Writing<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; 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