{"id":3135,"date":"2020-12-28T16:14:11","date_gmt":"2020-12-28T10:44:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?page_id=3135"},"modified":"2024-06-18T12:06:34","modified_gmt":"2024-06-18T06:36:34","password":"","slug":"prime-minister","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/docs\/prime-minister","title":{"rendered":"Prime Minister of India: Constitutional Aspects, Role and Historical Perspectives"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #ff5e00;\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 24pt;\">Prime Minister of India<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">Role and Functions of the Prime Minister of India: Key Considerations for UPSC Exam<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">For competitive exams like the IAS, a comprehensive knowledge of the Prime Minister of India is crucial. This aspect is vital for the polity syllabus. The Prime Minister, appointed by the President, serves as the head of the Government. They may be a member of either the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha. The President appoints the leader of the majority party or coalition parties as the Prime Minister. Acting as a bridge between the President and the Council of Ministers, the Prime Minister is also the political head of civil servants.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIf any functionary under our constitution is to be compared with the US President, he is the Prime Minister and not the President of the Union\u201d \u2013 B.R. Ambedkar.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Constitutional Basis of the Prime Minister of India: De Facto Executive Authority in Parliamentary Governance<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Article 74:<\/strong>\u00a0Council of Ministers to aid and advise <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/vice-president\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">VICE \u2013 PRESIDENT<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PM is the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">real executive authority<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">de facto executive<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) in parliamentary form of government.(President \u2013Nominal; de jure executive)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The PM is the <\/span><strong>head of the government<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. (President is the head of the State)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Constitution <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">does not<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> contain any specific procedure for the selection and appointment of the PM. It is by and large, governed by Parliamentary Conventions.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Appointment of the Prime Minister of India: Constitutional Provisions and Parliamentary Conventions<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Article 75<\/strong> says only that the Prime Minister of India shall be appointed by the President.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: var(--list--font-family); background-color: var(--global--color-background); color: var(--global--color-primary); font-size: var(--global--font-size-base);\">However, the President cannot appoint just anyone as the Prime Minister. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: var(--list--font-family); background-color: var(--global--color-background); color: var(--global--color-primary); font-size: var(--global--font-size-base);\">According to the <strong>conventions of the parliamentary system<\/strong>, the President must appoint the leader of the majority party in the <strong>Lok Sabha<\/strong> to this position.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/strong><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #ff6600;\"><strong>Prime Minister of India: Appointment, Presidential Discretion and Constitutional Dynamics<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When <strong>no party holds a clear majority<\/strong> in the Lok Sabha, the President has the authority to use his <strong>personal discretion<\/strong> in selecting and appointing the Prime Minister.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In such a scenario, the President usually appoints the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">leader of the <strong>largest party or coalition<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong> in the Lok Sabha<\/strong> as the PM and asks him to seek a vote of confidence in the House <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">within a month<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Discretion was exercised first time in 1979<\/strong>, when <strong>Neelam Sanjiva Reddy<\/strong> (then President) appointed <strong>Charan Singh<\/strong> (Coalition leader) as the PM after the fall of <strong>Morarji Desai\u2019s Janta Party Government<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The president may have to exercise his <strong>individual judgment<\/strong> in the selection and appointment of the PM, when the <strong>PM in office <\/strong><\/span><strong>dies suddenly<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and there is <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">no obvious successor<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, if the ruling party elects a new leader after the death of an incumbent PM, then the President has<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> no choice but to appoint<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> him as PM.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Delhi High Court<\/strong> (1980):<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0The Constitution <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">does not require<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that a person must prove his majority in the Lok Sabha <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">before he is appointed<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as the PM.<\/span>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The President may <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">first appoint him the PM<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">then ask him to prove his majority in the Lok Sabha<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> within a reasonable period.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Supreme Court (1997):<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A person who is <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">not a member of either House of Parliament<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (i.e. Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha) can be appointed as PM <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for six months<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, within which, he should become a member of either House of Parliament; otherwise, he ceases to be the PM.<\/span>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Constitutionally, the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prime Minister of India may be a member of any of the two Houses of parliament<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Exammple:<\/strong> <strong>Indira Gandhi<\/strong> (1966), <strong>Deve Gowda<\/strong> (1996) and <strong>Manmohan Singh<\/strong> (2004), were members of the Rajya Sabha.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Enroll now for UPSC Online Coaching<\/strong><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 97.6681%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In Britain, the Prime Minister should definitely be a member of the Lower House (House of Commons).<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Prime Minister of India: Oaths, Tenure and Compensation\u00a0 in Indian Governance<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The President<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> administers to him the oaths of office and secrecy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In his oath of office the PM swear<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to bear true faith and allegiance to the constitution of India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to uphold sovereignty and integrity of India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to faithfully and conscientiously discharge duties of his office and\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to do justice to all people in accordance with the Constitution and the law, without fear, favor, or ill will.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In his oath to secrecy, the PM swore not to reveal any matter that is brought under his consideration as a Union Minister except required for due discharge of duties.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <strong>term of the Prime Minister is not fixed<\/strong> and he serves at the <strong>pleasure of the President<\/strong>. However, as long as the Prime Minister of India has the majority support in the Lok Sabha, he cannot be dismissed by the President.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In case of loss of confidence (majority) of the Lok Sabha, the <\/span><strong>PM must resign or the <\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>President can dismiss him<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The salary and allowances of the PM are determined by the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Parliament<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from time to time. The <strong>PM gets the salary and allowances that are <\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>payable to a member of Parliament<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"width: 100.876%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cOath of Secrecy\u201d should be replace by \u201cOath of Transparency\u201d<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 Second ARC<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 <span class=\"vc_button\"> <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for Online Course<\/a> <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Prime Minister of India: Balancing &#8216;First Among Equals&#8217; and &#8216;Moon Among Lesser Stars&#8217; Leadership Styles<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PM as \u2018<strong>primus inter pares<\/strong>\u2019 (first among equals), PM is more like a coordinating function. For e.g. Coalition PM are close to this school of thought.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PM as \u2018<strong>inter stellas luna minores<\/strong>\u2019 (a moon among lesser stars), We have a \u201cPrime Ministerial\u201d government instead of a \u201cCabinet Government\u201d. For e.g. <strong>Jawaharlal Nehru<\/strong>, <strong>Indira Gandhi<\/strong>, <strong>Rajiv Gandhi<\/strong>, <strong>Narendra Modi<\/strong> Government.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B. Vajpayee <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">was a notable<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> exception <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to both schools of thoughts and held a blend<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of both schools<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Prime Minister of India: Influential Factors for Leadership Strength<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PM is the chairperson of Cabinet, CoM, important cabinet committees.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> resignation or death of an incumbent PM<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> automatically dissolves the CoM and thereby<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> generates a vacuum<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">resignation or death of any other minister<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, on the other hand, merely creates a <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">vacancy<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which the PM may or may not like to fill.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He is the chairperson of high-powered bodies, NITI Aayog, National Integration Council (NIC), Inter-State Councils (ISC), National Water Resource Council etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He is the chief spokesman of the Union government.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He is the leader of the party in power. The Prime Minister of India is generally equated with his party. (&#8220;The Prime Minister is the party, and the party is the Prime Minister&#8221;)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He is the political head of the services.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Support of high-powered bodies: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/prime-ministers-office\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PRIME MINISTER\u2019S OFFICE<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and Cabinet Secretariat.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The PM becomes leader of the house of which he is a member.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/strong><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Prime Minister of India: All-Inclusive Governance Mechanisms and Leadership Positions<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong>1. Role of PM with respect to the President<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PM is the principal channel of communication (Art. 78) between the President and the CoM.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is the duty of the PM<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to communicate to the President all decisions (Art. 78) of the CoM,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to furnish information relating to the administration of the affairs of the Union and proposal for legislations as the President may call for and<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">if the President so requires, to submit for the consideration of the CoM any matter on which a decision has been made by a minister but has not been reviewed by the council.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The PM advises the President with regard to the appointment of important officials like Attorney General of India, Comptroller and Auditor General of India, Chairperson and members of UPSC and so on.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2. Role of the PM with respect to the CoM<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The PM recommends persons who can be appointed as ministers by the President.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The President can appoint only those individuals as ministers who are nominated by the Prime Minister.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He allocates and reshuffles various portfolios among the ministers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He can ask a minister to resign or advise the President to dismiss him in case of difference of opinion.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He presides over the meeting of CoM and influences its decisions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He guides, directs, controls and coordinates the activities of all the ministers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His death or resignation from office can bring the collapse of the CoM.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Enroll now for UPSC Online Coaching<\/strong><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Role of PM with respect to the Parliament<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The PM is the leader of the Lower House (Lok Sabha).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He advises the President with regard to <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">summoning<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">proroguing<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the sessions of the Parliament.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He has the authority to recommend the dissolution of the Lok Sabha to the President at any time.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He announces government policies on the floor of the House.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>4. Role of the PM with respect to the Cabinet<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The PM constitutes the cabinet and allocates portfolios.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He summons cabinet meetings and also decides the agenda of the meeting.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is the PM\u2019s privilege to consult any person on any matter he deems fit and it is his discretion to act occasionally without any consultation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>5. Role of PM with respect to the External affairs<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This domain has been personally directed by the PM.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the PM is respected by international communities, it can help him acquire greater respect domestically as well.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He plays a significant role in shaping the foreign policy of the country.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/strong><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>6. Role of PM with respect to the Planning<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He is the crisis manager-in-chief at the political level during emergencies.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He is Chairperson of National Disaster Management Authority.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>7. Role of PM with respect to the <a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/cabinet-committee\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CABINET COMMITTEE<\/a>S<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The PM sets up Cabinet Committees and are headed by him when he is a member.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"3\">The Prime Minister heads all committees except the Cabinet Committee on Accommodation and the Cabinet Committee on Parliamentary Affairs.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"3\"><strong>Cabinet Committee on Political Affairs<\/strong> addresses matters concerning Centre-State relations, broader economic and political issues, and non-security-related foreign affairs. Often referred to as the &#8216;<strong>super cabinet<\/strong>,&#8217; it consists of key cabinet ministers and is chaired by the Prime Minister of India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>44th Amendment Act 1978: Evolving Dynamics between President and Prime Minister of India<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Article 74:<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0There shall be a CoM with the PM at the head to aid and advise the President who shall, in the exercise of his functions, act in accordance with such advice. <\/span>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, the President may require the CoM to reconsider such advice and the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">President shall act in accordance with the advice tendered after such reconsideration<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Added by 44th amendment act 1978).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/strong><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Article 75:<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PM shall be appointed by the President<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">other ministers shall be appointed by the president on the advice of the PM.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The ministers shall hold office during the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pleasure of the president<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The CoM shall be <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">collectively responsible to the House of the People<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Lok Sabha).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Article 78:<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0It shall be the duty of the PM:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">communicate to the President all decisions<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the CoM relating to the administration of the affairs of the Union and proposals for legislation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">furnish such information<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> relating to the administration of the affairs of the Union and proposals for legislation as the President may call for.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">if the President so requires, to submit for the consideration of the council of ministers <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">any matter on which a decision has been taken<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by a minister but which has not been considered by the CoM.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Prime Minister of India: Lok Sabha Origin and the Essence of Democratic Governance<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Leader of CoM<\/strong> should be a member of the Lower house (Lok Sabha) to which CoM is collectively responsible.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Purpose of the Rajya Sabha is not to produce a government but to ensure representation to the state and protect their interests.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Convention in other parliamentary democracies endorses the same. For e.g.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In <strong>Britain<\/strong>, the Prime Minister of India comes from the House of Commons (Lower House).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In <strong>Germany<\/strong>, the federal chancellor comes from the lower house (Bundestag).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <strong>Japanese PM<\/strong> comes from the lower house, called the Diet.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Nehru<\/strong> endorsed and supported the same.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>V Kamath<\/strong> introduced the Constitutional Amendment Bill (in 1966) to codify the same provision. Congress broadly agreed with the same but held that it should evolve as convention rather than statute.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Enroll now for UPSC Online Coaching<\/strong><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>LIST OF CM WHO BECAME PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Morarji Desai<\/strong>&#8211; CM of the erstwhile Bombay State, the first non-Congress PM.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Charan Singh<\/strong>-Was CM of the undivided Uttar Pradesh<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>V. P. Singh<\/strong>&#8211; Was CM of the Uttar Pradesh<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>V. Narasimha Rao<\/strong>&#8211; first PM from South India, who was CM of Andhra Pradesh<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>H. D. Deve Gowda<\/strong>&#8211; Was CM of Karnataka.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Narendra Modi<\/strong>&#8211; Was four-time CM of Gujarat<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 Prime Minister of India Role and Functions of the Prime Minister of India: Key Considerations for UPSC Exam For competitive exams like the IAS, a comprehensive knowledge of the Prime Minister of India is crucial. This aspect is vital for the polity syllabus. The Prime Minister, appointed by the President, serves as the head&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/docs\/prime-minister\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Prime Minister of India: Constitutional Aspects, Role and Historical Perspectives<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"doc_category":[122],"doc_tag":[],"acf":[],"year_month":"2026-04","word_count":2098,"total_views":"12523","reactions":{"happy":"35","normal":"1","sad":"3"},"author_info":{"name":"bks_editor","author_nicename":"bks_editor","author_url":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/author\/bks_editor"},"doc_category_info":[{"term_name":"INDIAN POLITY","term_url":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/docs-category\/indian-polity"}],"doc_tag_info":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/3135"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3135"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/3135\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":114753,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/3135\/revisions\/114753"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3135"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_category?post=3135"},{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=3135"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}