{"id":4884,"date":"2021-02-17T00:19:47","date_gmt":"2021-02-16T18:49:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?page_id=4884"},"modified":"2024-06-12T15:33:45","modified_gmt":"2024-06-12T10:03:45","password":"","slug":"inter-state-relations-2","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/docs\/inter-state-relations-2","title":{"rendered":"Inter-State Relations: Laws and Cooperation in India"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

Inter-State Relations: Laws and Cooperation in India<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Inter-State Relations in India: Waters, Councils and Trade Dynamics<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Inter-state relations in India are governed by a comprehensive legal framework, that covers key provisions such as Article 262<\/strong> for resolving water disputes, Article 263 establishing Inter-State Councils<\/strong>, and Articles 301 to 307<\/strong> facilitating inter-state trade and commerce. The establishment of Zonal Councils<\/strong> under the States Reorganisation Act 1956 contributes to fostering cooperation and coordination among states. These mechanisms collectively aim to promote unity and address the diverse needs and interests<\/strong> of India’s federal structure.<\/p>\n

Inter-State Relations in India: Water Disputes (Art. 262) and Collaborative Governance\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Article 262<\/strong><\/td>\n\n
    \n
  • Parliament<\/strong> may by law provide for the adjudication of any dispute or complaint with respect to the use, distribution and control of waters<\/strong> of any inter-state river and river valley.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Parliament can also specify that neither the Supreme Court nor any other court<\/strong> has the authority to handle such disputes or complaints.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Water Governance in India: Navigating Inter-State Relations through River Boards and Dispute Adjudication\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n
    River Boards Act 1956:<\/strong><\/td>\nA river board is established by the Centre on the request of the state to advise them.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Inter-State Water Disputes Act 1956:\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\nEmpowers Centre to set up an ad hoc tribunal for the adjudication of an inter-state water dispute between 2 or more states. Decisions of the tribunal are binding, No courts have jurisdiction over such disputes.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Major Inter-State Water Disputes in India and Water Dispute Tribunals in India
    \n<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    NAME<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nYEAR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nSTATES INVOLVED<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Krishna Water Dispute Tribunal<\/span><\/td>\n1969<\/span><\/td>\nMH, KR, AP<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Godavari Water Dispute Tribunal<\/span><\/td>\n1969<\/span><\/td>\nMP, KR, AP, MH, OD<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Narmada Water Dispute Tribunal<\/span><\/td>\n1969<\/span><\/td>\nRJ, GJ, MP, MH<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ravi & Beas Water Dispute Tribunal<\/span><\/td>\n1986<\/span><\/td>\nPB, HR, RJ<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Cauvery Water Dispute Tribunal<\/span><\/td>\n1990<\/span><\/td>\nKR, KL, TN, Puducherry<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Second Krishna Water Dispute Tribunal<\/span><\/td>\n2004<\/span><\/td>\nMH, KR, AP<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Vansadhara Water Dispute Tribunal<\/span><\/td>\n2010<\/span><\/td>\nOD, AP<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Mahadayi Water Dispute Tribunal<\/span><\/td>\n2010<\/span><\/td>\nGoa, KR, MH<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Inter-State Council (Art. 263) in India: Enhancing Coordination and Advisory Role in Inter-State Relations:\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Purpose<\/strong><\/td>\n\n
      \n
    • To bring coordination between states and between states and Centre<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Status<\/strong><\/td>\n\n
      \n
    • Constitutional body under Art. 263<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Setup<\/strong><\/td>\n\n
      \n
    • It was set up for the first time in 1990 through a Presidential order as per the recommendations of the Sarkaria Commission (on Inter-State Relations) under the Ministry of Home affairs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Role of President<\/strong><\/td>\n\n
      \n
    • The President can establish.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • The President can define the duties, organisation and procedure.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Functions<\/strong><\/td>\n\n
      \n
    • To enquire and advise upon inter-state disputes (Complimentary to SC\u2019s jurisdiction under A.131) + Investigating & discussing subjects in which states or the Centre and the states have a common interest + Recommending on any matter for better coordination of policy & action.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Decisions<\/strong><\/td>\n\n
      \n
    • Decisions are not binding. Purely advisory body<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Composition<\/strong><\/td>\n\n
      \n
    • PM as Chairman + CMs of all states + CMs of all UTs having legislative assemblies + Administrators of all UTs not having Legislative Assemblies + Governors of states under President\u2019s Rule + Six Central Cabinet Minister including Home Minister (Nominated by PM) + Five ministers of cabinet rank\/ Minister of State (Independent Charge) nominated by PM are permanent invitees.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Meetings<\/strong><\/td>\n\n