{"id":102371,"date":"2024-04-17T20:39:42","date_gmt":"2024-04-17T15:09:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=editorial-analysis&#038;p=102371"},"modified":"2024-04-18T18:28:42","modified_gmt":"2024-04-18T12:58:42","slug":"shortage-in-pulses-production","status":"publish","type":"editorial-analysis","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/editorial-analysis\/shortage-in-pulses-production","title":{"rendered":"Pulses Production in India: Current Starus, Challenges and Way Forward"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Context<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India has been facing a problem of <\/span><b>persistent shortage in pulses production.<\/b><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.101%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Relevance For Prelims<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Pulses Production in India, <\/span><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/world-pulses-day-2024\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">World Pulses Day 2024<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/agriculture-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Agriculture In India<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/ncert-notes\/food-crops-other-than-grains\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Food Crops In India: Classification &#038; Characteristics<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,<\/span> <a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/world-food-india-2023\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">World Food India 2023 <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/inflation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inflation<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/consumer-price-index-cpi\/#:~:text=Consumer%20Price%20Index%20(CPI)%3A,5.69%25%20In%20December%202023%20%2D%20PWOnlyIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Consumer Price Index (CPI)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/minimum-support-price-msp\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Minimum Support Price (MSP)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/worlds-largest-agri-storage-plan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">World&#8217;s Largest Grain Storage Plan In Cooperative Sector<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Relevance For Mains:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Challenges Associated with Cultivation of Pulses, Status of Pulses production in India.<\/span><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Course<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Pulses Production in India: Current Data<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Decline in Crop Output: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to <\/span><b>Department of Agriculture and Farmers&#8217; Welfare, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">production has <\/span><b>witnessed a significant fall <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in output during th<\/span><b>e 2023-24 crop year t<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">o about <\/span><b>234 lakh tonnes from around 260 lakh tonnes in 2022-23<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> an<\/span><b>d 273 lakh tonnes in 2021-22.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Rise in Pulses inflation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> As a result, inflation in the pulses and products&#8217; group has gained momentum, accelerating to ove<\/span><b>r 20 per cent in December 2023 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">from abo<\/span><b>ut 13 per cent in August 2023.\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-102468\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/unnamed-34-6620d93aabcee.webp\" alt=\"Pulses Production in India\" width=\"555\" height=\"347\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/unnamed-34-6620d93aabcee.webp 512w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/unnamed-34-6620d93aabcee-300x188.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 555px) 100vw, 555px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>Pulses Map of India<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Analysis of Pulses Production in India and Pulses Inflation Trends<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Moderation of Inflation Rates: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Prices of Pulses moderated slightly to about <\/span><b>17 per cent in March 2024 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">with augmented <\/span><b>supplies through imports, fresh market arrival<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s and imposition of <\/span><b>stock limits.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Decline in Cultivation of Major Pulses: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All the major pulses witnessed a drop in cultivation .<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Moong (green gram) r<\/span><b>egistered a steep fall of over 40 per cent in acreage a<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nd about <\/span><b>60 per cent in output.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Urad (black gram) with <\/span><b>around 20 per cent fall in acreage <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and output in<\/span><b> 2023-24 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">compared to that in the previous year primarily due to<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/deficit-rainfall-seasons\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>deficit rainfall<\/b><\/a><b> in major producing States.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Acreage under chana and tur witnessed a fall of<\/span><b> 2.6 per cent and 0.6 per cent,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> respectively, their o<\/span><b>utput remained nearly the same as that in the previous year.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Disparity in Price Trends:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The rise in prices of tur has been much steeper, at 3<\/span><b>0-40 per cent,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> than of moong and urad, a<\/span><b>t 10-14 per cent, during the past six months.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Impact on Accessibility of Protein Sources: A<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ny significant rise in the prices of pulses affects the poor the most,<\/span><b> depriving them of a balanced diet.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Persistent Lag in Meeting Demand: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unlike major cereals, the domestic production of pulses &#8211; despite a significant increase during the <\/span><b>past decade to about 234 lakh tonnes in 2023-24<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from abou<\/span><b>t 171 lakh tonnes in 2014-15 &#8211;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> continues to lag demand.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Increasing Reliance on Imports<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: India has remained dependent on pulses imports <\/span><b>averaging 25 lakh tonnes per annum<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> during the last five years to meet <\/span><b>domestic consumption demand.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, with the<\/span><b> drastic reduction in domestic output, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the imports of p<\/span><b>ulses are expected to have risen steeply in 2023-24.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Commerce Ministry data show aggregate imports of pulses increased by abo<\/span><b>ut 60 per cent to 32.5 lakh tonnes during April-January 2023-24 f<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">rom about <\/span><b>20.3 lakh tonnes in the corresponding period of last year.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Challenges Associated with Imports of Pulses<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Challenges in Short-Term Pulse Imports:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Unlike <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/edible-oil-imports\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">oilseeds<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the <\/span><b>scope for augmenting supplies of pulses<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> through imports in the short-term is limited as India is the <\/span><b>largest producer <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">as well as <\/span><b>consumer of pulses <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in the world.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Traditional Import Sources: Myanmar <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">has been the traditional source of imports for <\/span><b>tur, moong and urad,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> while fo<\/span><b>r peas it is Canada and Australia.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Emerging Import Origins:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> However, some of the African countries, including<\/span><b> Tanzania, Mozambique, Malawi and Kenya, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">have become<\/span><b> sources of imports in recent years<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Price Dynamics in Exporting Countries: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Further, the prices in these exporting countries can be <\/span><b>influenced by the shortages in India <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and may become <\/span><b>much costlier than the domestically produced pulses.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Decline in Per Capita Availability of Pulses: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The per capita availability of pulses has declined steadily from about<\/span><b> 25 kg in 1961 to 16 kg in 2021 due to sluggish growth<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in production since the <\/span><b>1960s.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Shift in Cropping Patterns:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> There has been a <\/span><b>significant shift in cropping pattern<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from <\/span><b>cereal-pulse to cereal-cereal, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">particularly <\/span><b>in irrigated areas across the country.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Disparity in Irrigated Area:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The extent of area irrigated for <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/sugarcane-production-in-india\/#:~:text=Sugarcane%20is%20a%20giant%20tropical,jaggery)%2C%20khandsari%20and%20molasses.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sugarcane<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, wheat and rice stood at 96 per cent, <\/span><b>95 per cent and 65 per cent, resp<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ectively, while that of pulses is only about<\/span><b> 23 per cent, according to the Department of Economics and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As a result, the yields and<\/span><b> output of pulses have remained low.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Way Forward to Increase Pulses Production in India<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Significance of Pulses in Indian Diet: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pulses are an indispensable part of the Indian food basket both <\/span><b>among the rich and the poor alike.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Impact of Production Deficit on Affordability<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: But the<\/span><b> persistent deficit in domestic production <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and the consequent rise in <\/span><b>prices are making them unaffordable for the poor.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Measures to Address Supply Deficit:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> While a number of steps have been taken by the government to<\/span><b> augment open market supplies in the short-term w<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ith imports and <\/span><b>limitations on stock-holding<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, it is imperative to<\/span><b> raise production in the long-run.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Promotion of Pulses Cultivation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Immediate steps must be taken to<\/span><b> promote pulses cultivation <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in<\/span><b> fertile and irrigated areas, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">providing <\/span><b>input incentives and assured remunerative price<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Benefits of Pulses Cultivation for Sustainable Agriculture:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Further, cultivation of pulses can <\/span><b>promote sustainable agriculture by enriching soil fertility <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and conserving water, with minimal irrigation and short crop duration.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Awareness Creation in Agricultural Extension Systems: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Towards this, the agricultural extension system needs to create awareness among the<\/span><b> farmers regarding the positive externalities of pulses cultivation.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>The Government of India <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">should Implement <\/span><b>comprehensive support programs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for pulse farmers, including <\/span><b>access to credit, insurance coverage, and extension services<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Strengthening<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/farmer-producer-organisation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>farmer producer organizations (FPOs)<\/b><\/a><b> to empower farmers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> collectively an<\/span><b>d enhance their bargaining power in the market.<\/b><\/p>\n<span class=\"vc_button\"><b>Also Read: <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/global-pulses-conference-2024\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Global Pulses Conference 2024: Key Highlights<\/span><\/a><\/span>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.402%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Prelims PYQ (20):<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">Among the agricultural commodities imported by India, which one of the following accounts for the highest imports in terms of value in the last five years?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">(a) Spices\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">(b) Fresh fruits\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">(c) Pulses\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">(d) Vegetable oils<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Ans: (d)<\/b><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.4%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Mains Question:<\/b> <a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/pyq\/mention-the-advantages-of-the-cultivation-of-pulses-because-of-which-the-year-2016-was-declared-as-the-international-year-of-pulses-by-united-nations-150-words-10-marks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mention the advantages of the cultivation of pulses because of which the year 2016 was declared as the International year of Pulses by United Nations.[150 Words, 10 Marks]<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.349%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 36px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 3340.24%; 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height: 30px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/mains-previous-year-papers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UPSC Mains Previous Year Papers<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3285.74%; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; height: 30px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-test-series-courses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UPSC Test Series 2024<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>According to Department of Agriculture and Farmers&#8217; Welfare, pulses production in India  has witnessed a significant fall in output during the 2023-24 crop year to about 234 lakh tonnes from around 260 lakh tonnes in 2022-23 and 273 lakh tonnes in 2021-22<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":102471,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"paper-wise":[],"subject":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/editorial-analysis\/102371"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/editorial-analysis"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/editorial-analysis"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=102371"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/editorial-analysis\/102371\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":102569,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/editorial-analysis\/102371\/revisions\/102569"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/102471"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=102371"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=102371"},{"taxonomy":"paper-wise","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper-wise?post=102371"},{"taxonomy":"subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/subject?post=102371"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}