{"id":124540,"date":"2024-08-03T20:40:15","date_gmt":"2024-08-03T15:10:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=editorial-analysis&#038;p=124540"},"modified":"2024-08-05T18:39:34","modified_gmt":"2024-08-05T13:09:34","slug":"indian-cities-never-prepared-for-the-monsoon","status":"publish","type":"editorial-analysis","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/editorial-analysis\/indian-cities-never-prepared-for-the-monsoon","title":{"rendered":"Urban Flooding, Why Are Indian Cities Never Prepared For The Monsoon?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Various<\/span><b> Indian cities are experiencing severe flooding,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> highlighting systemic issues in urban planning and drainage infrastructure.<\/span><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.13%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Relevancy for Prelims: <\/b><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/flood-prone-urban-flooding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Urban Flooding<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/urban-floods-in-india\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Concept of Sponge Cities<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, etc.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Relevancy for Mains:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Urban Flooding Challenge for India, and Measures Need to be Taken, etc.<\/span><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>About Urban Flooding<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Refers:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It is the flooding of land or property in a built environment, especially in densely populated cities where rainfall exceeds drainage systems\u2019 capacity.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Concerning Data: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As per the data from the government, over 17,000 people\u202fdied due to floods and heavy rains in India between 2012 and 2021.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pw.live\/batches\/upsc\/pw-only-ias?utm_source=seo+upsc+batch&#038;utm_medium=seo+upsc&#038;utm_campaign=seo&#038;utm_id=upsc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enroll now for UPSC Online Classes<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Arising Concerns<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ancient and medieval civilisations had their ways of channeling water \u2013 the hydrological acumen of the Indus Valley cities is well-known. <\/span><b>But in modern times, the issue of urban flooding is concerning.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The<\/span><b> runoff has scarcely any outlet<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. It accumulates in low-lying areas, inundating roads, underpasses, houses, offices, railway tracks, basements. Urban India, it is <\/span><b>increasingly becoming evident, cannot deal with short but intense spells of rainfall,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> one of the hallmarks of climate change.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Various Recent Examples<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Delhi: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This year, several parts of Delhi have been submerged for more than one day.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recently, a 26-year-old civil services aspirant was <\/span><b>electrocuted<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in an inundated street in the national capital, and the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/national-human-rights-commission\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">National Human Rights Commission<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has asked for a detailed report on the incident.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Assam:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Guwahati, Assam has faced a crippling flood.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Maharashtra:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Torrential rains brought lives to a standstill in several parts of Maharashtra, including Pune and Mumbai.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In <\/span><b>Pune,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> three people lost their lives after receiving an electric shock in a waterlogged part of the city.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Similarity in All Cases: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All these cities have distinct geographical features. However, there are at least three things that are common to their flood-related woes:\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Outdated Drainage Systems:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It cannot take the stress of more than normal rainfall<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Poor Planning:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Planning that does not account for local hydrology\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Limited Civic Response: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The role of civic agencies seems limited to organizing relief and rescue<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Need to Follow the Concept of Sponge Cities<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sponge cities can <\/span><b>solve the problem of urban flooding as well as scarcity of water<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> during the summer season.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is a <\/span><b>new urban planning model in China<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that emphasizes flood management via strengthening green infrastructures instead of purely relying on drainage systems.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is a type of city which is designed in such a way that it <\/span><b>acts like a sponge for rainwater. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The water is absorbed and allowed to naturally filter through the soil to reach the aquifers. The aquifer recharge helps fulfill the water needs of the city.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It has<\/span><b> contiguous open green spaces, interconnected waterways, and channels and ponds across neighborhoods to naturally detain and filter water.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"vc_button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-textbooks?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Textbooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC NCERT Textbooks From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 99.9987%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: rgba(184, 165, 217, 0.53); text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Mains Question<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/mains-answer-writing\/the-sponge-city-concept-has-gained-traction-globally-as-a-sustainable-urban-water-management-approach-evaluate-the-potential-of-implementing-this-concept-in-indian-cities-discussing-its-benefits-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q. The &#8216;Sponge City&#8217; concept has gained traction globally as a sustainable urban water management approach. Evaluate the potential of implementing this concept in Indian cities, discussing its benefits and challenges in the context of India&#8217;s urban water issues. (15 Marks, 250 Words)<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.129%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 138.017%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Must Read<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50.5357%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/editorial-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UPSC Daily Editorials<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 87.4814%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/daily-current-affairs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UPSC Daily Current Affairs<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50.5357%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.pw.live\/govt-entrance-exams\/upsc-books\/upsc-textbooks?utm_source=SEO&#038;utm_medium=PW+Live&#038;utm_campaign=UPSC+Textbooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check Out UPSC NCERT Textbooks From PW Store<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 87.4814%; 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