{"id":58760,"date":"2023-11-30T12:43:13","date_gmt":"2023-11-30T07:13:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=editorial-analysis&#038;p=58760"},"modified":"2025-03-03T11:43:58","modified_gmt":"2025-03-03T06:13:58","slug":"ilo-report-on-osh","status":"publish","type":"editorial-analysis","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/editorial-analysis\/ilo-report-on-osh","title":{"rendered":"ILO Report On Occupational Safety And Health (OSH)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">Context:<\/span> <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This article is based on an Editorial \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/as-deaths-due-to-work-related-factors-increase-ilo-report-calls-for-countries-to-strengthen-safety-net\/article67580297.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As deaths due to work-related factors increase, ILO report on OSH (Occupational Safety and Health) calls for countries to strengthen safety net<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d Which was published in the Hindu. The <\/span><b>\u201c23rd World Congress on Safety and Health at Work\u201d started<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from 27 November 2023 in Sydney, Australia, which is the <\/span><b>largest international event focused on the prevention of workplace harm.<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>The theme of the Event: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cShaping Change- collaborating for a healthier and safer world of work,\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 701.984px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #bfcae3; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Relevancy for Prelims:<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/occupational-safety-and-health-report\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Occupational Safety And Health (OSH) by ILO.<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Relevancy for Mains:<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> Workers\u2019 Safety in India, its Challenges and Way Forward.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>What is Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Definition: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">OSH <\/span><b>deals with all aspects of health and safety in the workplace <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and has a strong focus on the primary prevention of hazards.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Nodal Agency:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The <\/span><b>Ministry of Labour &#038; Employment (MoL&#038;E), Government of India, and Labour Departments of the State Governments and Union Territories<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span> Know more about the <a style=\"background-color: var(--global--color-background); font-family: var(--global--font-secondary); font-size: var(--global--font-size-base);\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/international-labour-organisation-ilo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ILO<\/a> <b style=\"background-color: var(--global--color-background); color: var(--global--color-primary); font-family: var(--global--font-secondary); font-size: var(--global--font-size-base);\">here.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>What are the key learnings from the ILO Report on Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)?<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Work-Related Health Hazards:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Exposure to<\/span><b> long working hours<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, exposure to occupational<\/span><b> particulate matter, gases, and fumes,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>occupational injuries<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Global Deaths: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nearly <\/span><b>30 lakh workers die every year globally<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> due to work-related accidents and diseases and <\/span><b>more than 63%<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of these deaths are reported from the <\/span><b>Asia-Pacific region<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Rising Diseases:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The rate of non-melanoma skin cancer <\/span><b>increased by over 37%<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (2000-2020).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Non-Compliance with ILO Conventions: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As per the ILO report, <\/span><b>less than half of member<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> countries have ratified the <\/span><b>ILO Occupational Safety and Health Convention (No. 155) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>the Promotional Framework for Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 2006 (No. 187).\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>India has not ratified<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> both the conventions. <\/span><b style=\"background-color: var(--global--color-background); color: var(--global--color-primary); font-family: var(--global--font-secondary); font-size: var(--global--font-size-base);\">Also Read: <\/b><a style=\"background-color: var(--global--color-background); font-family: var(--global--font-secondary); font-size: var(--global--font-size-base);\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/informal-economy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">India\u2019s Informal Economy: Over 90% Workforce, Half of GDP<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>What are the issues related to workers&#8217; safety in India?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Predominance of the Unorganized and Informal Sectors: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Around <\/span><b>\u00a080% <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of India\u2019s workers are employed in the<\/span><b> unorganized sector,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and more than <\/span><b>90% in informal jobs.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Selective OSH framework:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Only four sectors are covered under the OSH-related legislation <\/span><b>(manufacturing, mining, ports, and construction).<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Lack of Defined Budget<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The National Policy on Safety, Health and Environment at Workplace was announced in 2009 and its review is in progress. For effective implementation, there has been<\/span><b> no specific financial budget and scheme.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Challenges in Managing Occupational Safety and Health Risks:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The changing job patterns and working relationships are posing another problem for the management of such risks.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Economic Unpredictability:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In the past, the experience of two lockdowns and multiple restrictions created economic uncertainty.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>What are the laws and regulations related to Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) in India?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Constitutional Framework: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the Indian Constitution, labor is a subject in the<\/span><b> concurrent list.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>National Policy on Safety, Health and Environment at Workplace (2009): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It recognizes a safe and healthy working environment as a fundamental human right.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Legislative Framework: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Government of India has enacted the following four main legislations:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>The Factories Act, 1948, The Mines Act, 1952<\/b> <b>and Mines Rules, 1955, The Dock Workers (Safety, Health and Welfare) Act, 1986 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and<\/span><b> The Building &#038; Other Construction Workers (Regulations of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Associated Institution: The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> works to coordinate response to disasters and for capacity-building in disaster resiliency and crisis response.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Occupational, Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 It provides the creation of a <\/span><b>National database<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for Inter-State Migrant Workers. Also, if a worker has worked for 180 days, he\/she shall be entitled to <\/span><b>one-day leave for every 20 days<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of work done.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Way Forward:<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Implementation of Recommendation of ILO Report:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0The report <\/span><b>recommended five categories of \u201cFundamental Principles and Rights at Work\u201d<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for ensuring safety and health at work. These are:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">freedom of association,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">elimination of all forms of forced or compulsory labour, abolition of child labour,\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation, and<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a safe and healthy working environment.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Need for Upskilling Employees<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Workplace Ergonomics.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Time for integration <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of Ministries and allocating resources for OSH awareness and prevention.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Need for a Specialized Research Institution <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for Workplace Safety, Health, and Environment.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is a <\/span><b>need to develop close involvement of social partners <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to meet the challenges ahead in the assessment and control of workplace risks by mobilizing local resources and extending protection.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 65.7245%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #bfcae3; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 18pt;\">Prelims Question (2015)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">Which of the following brings out the &#8220;Consumer Price Index Number for Industrial Workers?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">(a) The Reserve Bank of India\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">(b) The Department of Economic Affairs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">(c) The Labour Bureau\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">(d) The Department of Personnel and Training<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Ans: (c)<\/b><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 1351px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #bfcae3; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Mains Question:<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/mains-answer-writing\/analyze-the-key-gaps-and-limitations-in-indias-occupational-safety-health-and-working-condition-regulations-that-have-led-to-this-failure-in-adequately-covering-the-impact-of-industrializat-2\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Analyze the key gaps and limitations in India\u2019s occupational safety, health, and working condition regulations that have led to this failure in adequately covering the impact of industrialization. (10 marks, 150 words)<\/span><\/a><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>his article is based on an Editorial \u201cAs deaths due to work-related factors increase, ILO report on OSH (Occupational Safety and Health) calls for countries to strengthen safety net\u201d Which was published in the Hindu. The \u201c23rd World Congress on Safety and Health at Work\u201d started from 27 November 2023 in Sydney, Australia, which is the largest international event focused on the prevention of workplace harm.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":59021,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"paper-wise":[2084],"subject":[2124],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/editorial-analysis\/58760"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/editorial-analysis"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/editorial-analysis"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/38"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58760"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/editorial-analysis\/58760\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":59170,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/editorial-analysis\/58760\/revisions\/59170"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/59021"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58760"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58760"},{"taxonomy":"paper-wise","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/paper-wise?post=58760"},{"taxonomy":"subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/subject?post=58760"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}