{"id":66604,"date":"2023-12-22T17:31:17","date_gmt":"2023-12-22T12:01:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=ncert-notes&p=66604"},"modified":"2024-09-23T16:58:21","modified_gmt":"2024-09-23T11:28:21","slug":"sculpture-tradition-in-india","status":"publish","type":"ncert-notes","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/ncert-notes\/sculpture-tradition-in-india","title":{"rendered":"Sculpture Tradition In India: Diverse Expressions in Clay, Metal, and Stone"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sculpture Tradition: Diverse Artistic Expressions in Clay, Metal, and Stone<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n

These refer to the popular traditions of making sculptures in <\/span>clay (terracotta), metal and stone<\/b>. There are numerous such traditions across the country. Some of them are:<\/span><\/p>\n

Sculpture Tradition: Dhokra Casting’s Intricate Metal Craft from Bastar and Beyond<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n
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  • Region:\u00a0 <\/b>Dhokra or metal sculptures made from <\/span>lost wax or cire perdue technique<\/b> is one of the most prominent metal crafts of Bastar, Chhattisgarh, parts of Madhya Pradesh, Odisha and Midnapore in West Bengal.\u00a0<\/span>\n
      \n
    • Dhokra casting is an elaborate process.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Lost Wax Casting: <\/b>It involves the casting of bronze through the <\/span>lost wax method.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      Additional Information<\/b><\/p>\n

      The metal craftsmen of Bastar are called <\/span>ghadwa. <\/b>In popular etymology, the term \u2018ghadwa\u2019 means the act of shaping and creating.<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

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      • Core Figure Creation: <\/b>Black soil from the riverbank is mixed with rice husk and kneaded with water. The core figure or mould is made from this.\u00a0<\/span>\n
          \n
        • Cow Dung and Clay Covering: <\/b>On drying, it is covered with a second layer of cow dung mixed with clay.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
        • Resin Preparation: <\/b>Resin collected from the saal tree is then heated in a clay pot till it becomes liquid, which is then added with\u00a0 mustard oil.\u00a0<\/span>\n
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          • The boiling liquid is then allowed to solidify but remains <\/span>soft and malleable.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n
          • It is, then, taken apart in small pieces, heated slightly over low-burning coal and stretched into fine<\/span> threads or coils.<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
          • Such threads are joined together to form <\/span>strips<\/b>.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
          • The dried clay form is, then, overlaid with these resin strips or coils and all <\/span>decorative details<\/b> and eyes, nose, etc., are added to the figures.<\/span><\/li>\n
          • The clay form is, then, covered with layers, first of fine clay, then, with a <\/span>mixture of clay and cow dung<\/b>, and finally, with clay obtained from ant hills mixed with rice husk.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
          • Molten Metal Pouring:<\/b> The molten metal was then poured into the space once occupied by resin, which would by now have evaporated.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
          • Revealing Metal Image: <\/b>The moulds are allowed to cool and the clay layer is hammered away to reveal the metal image.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \"Dhokra
            Dhokra Casting<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

            Sculpture Tradition: Potter’s Craft Terracotta’s Artistic Offerings and Ritual Significance<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

              \n
            • Potters Craft Terracotta: <\/b>Usually, made by potters, terracotta pieces are <\/span>votives <\/b>or offered to local deities or used during rituals and festivals.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
            • Local Clay Usage: <\/b>They are made from <\/span>local clay<\/b> found on riverbanks or ponds. The terracotta pieces are baked for durability.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
            • Regional Diversity: <\/b>Whether it is Manipur or Assam in the <\/span>North-East, Kuchchha in Western India, Hills in the North, Tamil Nadu in the South, Gangetic plains or Central Indi<\/b>a, there is a variety of terracotta made by people of different regions.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
            • Colorful and Decorated: <\/b>They are moulded, modeled by hand or made on a potter\u2019s wheel, coloured or decorated.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
            • Similar Forms and Purposes: <\/b>Their forms and purposes are often similar. They are either the images of <\/span>gods or goddesses<\/b>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              \"Terracotta
              Terracotta Art<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

              Cultural Legacy: The Living Tradition of Indian Folk Painting and Sculpture<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n
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              • Reflection of Heritage: <\/b>Folk painting in India is a vibrant and diverse artistic tradition that reflects the country’s rich cultural heritage and the creativity of its people.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
              • Rooted in Local Customs: <\/b>These paintings, rooted in local customs, myths, and traditions, serve as windows into the diverse cultures and stories that make up India.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
              • Reflect Continuity of Culture: <\/b>From the intricate Madhubani paintings of Bihar to the colorful Warli art of Maharashtra, these folk paintings have not only preserved age-old traditions but also evolved to adapt to contemporary times.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"template":"","notes-subjects":[4747],"subject-chapters":[4799],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ncert-notes\/66604"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ncert-notes"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/ncert-notes"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66604"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"notes-subjects","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/notes-subjects?post=66604"},{"taxonomy":"subject-chapters","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/subject-chapters?post=66604"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}