{"id":93549,"date":"2024-03-26T15:06:50","date_gmt":"2024-03-26T09:36:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=udaan&#038;p=93549"},"modified":"2024-09-13T15:08:33","modified_gmt":"2024-09-13T09:38:33","slug":"government-of-india-act-1919","status":"publish","type":"udaan","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/udaan\/government-of-india-act-1919","title":{"rendered":"GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT 1919"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Introduction<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Montagu, the Secretary of State<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, arrived in India in Nov 1917 for consideration of reforms with <a title=\"GOVERNOR GENERALS &#038; VICEROYS OF INDIA: NAME LIST, EVOLUTION &#038; POWER (1600-1947)\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/viceroy-and-governor-generals-of-india-1858-1947\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Viceroy<\/a> Lord Chemsford, eminent British civil servants and Indian politicians of all shades of opinion. A <\/span><b>committee was formed<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 William Duke, Earl of Donoughmore, Bhupendra Nath Basu and Charles Robert which together with Viceroy- to help Montagu to prepare the draft of the reform scheme which was published in July 1918 and is called <\/span><b>Montagu-Chelmsford Report.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> On the basis of this report, the Government of India Act 1919 was passed. The Act consisted of<\/span><b> 47 sections and 5 schedules<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and was written in a legal style.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Features of the Government of India Act 1919\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Also known as<\/span><b> Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Named after <\/span><b>Edwin Montagu (Secretary of State for India) and Lord Chelmsford (Viceroy).<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Montagu Declaration: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On August 20, 1917, for the first time, the British Government declared that its objective was the gradual introduction of a <\/span><b>Responsible <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/governance-basics-and-background\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Government<\/b><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Classification of Administrative Subjects: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It provided for the classification of all the subjects of administration into two categories, namely, the <\/span><b>central subjects<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the <\/span><b>provincial subjects<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Devolution Rules: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This classification was done by the <\/span><b>&#8220;Devolution Rules\u201d,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 which <\/span><b>facilitated the delegation of authority<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from the centre to the provinces.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Introduction of Dyarchy: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Element of Dyarchy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or dual scheme of<a title=\"GOVERNANCE IN INDIA: DIMENSIONS, CHALLENGES &#038; STRATEGIES FOR UPSC PREPARATION\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/governance-basics-and-background\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> governance<\/a> was introduced in <\/span><b>Provincial Subjects, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and it was divided into two parts.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Reserved Subjects:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> these were to be administered by the <a title=\"GOVERNOR GENERALS OF INDIA (1832-1858): THE EVOLUTION OF INDIAN LEADERSHIP\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/governor-generals-of-india-1832-1858\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Governor General<\/a> and his Executive Council so <\/span><b>not responsible<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to the Legislative Council.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Transferred Subjects:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> which were to be administered by the Governor General with the help of his council.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They were<\/span><b> responsible<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to the legislative council.<\/span><b> [UPSC 2022]<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-93550\" src=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/82-65eace486adbe.webp\" alt=\"GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT 1919\" width=\"505\" height=\"313\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/82-65eace486adbe.webp 742w, https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/82-65eace486adbe-300x186.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Introduction of Bicameral Legislature: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For the first time, the Indian Legislative Council was replaced by the <\/span><b>Bicameral legislature <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">consisting of an <\/span><b>Upper House<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Council of State) and a <\/span><b>Lower House <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Legislative Assembly).\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The majority of members were chosen by <\/span><b>Direct Elections.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"width: 100.357%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 237.047%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #ff5e00; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><strong>Must Read<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 36.7647%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/current-affairs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Current Affairs<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 200.283%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/editorial-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Editorial Analysis<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 36.7647%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Upsc Notes<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 200.283%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/blogs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Upsc Blogs<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 36.7647%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/ncert-notes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NCERT Notes<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 200.283%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/mains-answer-writing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Free Main Answer Writing<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Increased Indians in Viceroy Executive Council: Three of the six members<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the<\/span><b> Viceroy Executive Council<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (excluding the Commander in Chief)<\/span><b> were Indians.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Extension of Separate Electorate: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There was an extension of the <\/span><b>Separate electorate<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for <\/span><b>Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indians, and Europeans<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Limited Franchise: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>franchise<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was given to a <\/span><b>limited <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">number of people based on property, Tax, education etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Separation of Provincial <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/budget-and-taxation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Budgets<\/b><\/a> <b>and Authority: The Provincial Budget<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was <\/span><b>separated <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">from the <\/span><b>Central Budget, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and Provinces were allowed to enact their own Budget.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>High Commissioner for India: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It created a <\/span><b>new office<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the<\/span><b> High Commissioner for India <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in <\/span><b>London <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and transferred to him some of the functions performed by the Secretary of State for India.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A <\/span><b>Central Public Service Commission<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was set up in <\/span><b>1926 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to recruit <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/role-of-civil-services-in-a-democracy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">civil servants.<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Chamber of Princes: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It proposed the establishment of a<\/span><b> Chamber of Princes <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(also known as <\/span><b>Narendra MandaI<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The chamber was inaugurated in 1921. It consisted of 120 members i.e., Princes of 108 states and 12 representatives of other states.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It was headed by the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/viceroy-and-governor-generals-of-india-1858-1947\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Viceroy <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Governor General).<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It facilitated the consultation and discussion on matters of common interest.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Provision of Statutory Commission: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Provided for the appointment of a<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/statutory-regulatory-and-various-quasi-judicial-bodies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>statutory commission<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to inquire into and report on its working after ten years of its coming into force.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"width: 100.301%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\">\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>THE SIMON COMMISSION (1927)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Composition: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It was a <\/span><b>seven-member statutory commission <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">appointed (2 years before its schedule) by the British Government, led by<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/simon-commission-1927\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Sir John Simon<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to assess India&#8217;s condition under its new Constitution.<\/span><b> All commission members were British<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, leading to a <\/span><b>boycott by all parties<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Key Provisions:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The commission, submitting its report in 1930, proposed <\/span><b>abolishing dyarchy,<\/b> <b>expanding responsible Government in provinces<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, creating a federation of British India and princely states, and maintaining the<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/communal-award-1932\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>communal electorate<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Round Table Conferences: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To discuss these proposals, the British Government organized <\/span><b>three round table conferences<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> involving representatives from <\/span><b>British India and Indian princely states<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>White Paper on <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/historical-evolution-making-features-of-the-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Constitutional Reforms:<\/b><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Based on these discussions, a <\/span><b>&#8216;White Paper on Constitutional Reforms&#8217; <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">was prepared and presented to the Joint Select Committee of the British Parliament.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The committee&#8217;s recommendations (with some modifications) were then included in<\/span><b> the <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/government-of-india-act-1935\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Government of India Act, of 1935.<\/b><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"><b>COMMUNAL AWARD\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Introduction of Communal Award: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1932, British Prime Minister <\/span><b>Ramsay MacDonald <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">introduced the Communal Award to address <\/span><b>minority representation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. They maintained <\/span><b>separate electorates<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for <\/span><b>Muslims, Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indians, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>Europeans.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Communal Representation to Depressed Classes: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It also <\/span><b>extended<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> this provision to the <\/span><b>depressed classes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, also known as Scheduled Castes. <\/span><b>Gandhi opposed the extension <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of communal representation to the depressed classes and went on a fast in<\/span><b> Yerawada Jail<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to seek modifications.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/poona-pact-1932\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Poona Pact:<\/b><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An agreement,<\/span><b> the Poona Pact<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, was reached between the Congress and <\/span><b>Dr. B.R. Ambedkar preserved<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the Hindu <\/span><b>joint electorate<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> but provided <\/span><b>reserved seats for the depressed classes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The British Government accepted the Poona Pact, <\/span><b>leading to modifications <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in the <\/span><b>Communal Award<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> regarding the depressed classes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Modified Communal Award: Separate electorates<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for the <\/span><b>depressed classes <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">were<\/span><b> eliminated<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from the<\/span><b> Communal Award.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Its provisions were <\/span><b>later incorporated into the Government of India Act, of 1935.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> So, <\/span><b>central and provincial legislatures<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> under the 1935 Act were structured based on the modified Communal Award.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Overall, the <\/span><b>1919 Government of India Act <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">brought about important changes that increased Indian participation in governance, devolved power etc. While the Act fell short of full self-governance, it laid the foundation fo<\/span><b>r future constitutional developments in India.<\/b><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100.12%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 127.622%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #ff5e00; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><b>Related Articles\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 58.0686%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/the-english-in-india\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">THE ENGLISH IN INDIA<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.5536%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/governor-generals-of-bengal-1773-1833\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GOVERNOR GENERAL OF BENGAL<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 58.0686%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/amending-act-1781\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">AMENDING ACT OF 1781<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.5536%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/regulating-act-1773\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">REGULATING ACT 1773<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 58.0686%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/lord-warren-hastings-1773-1785\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">WARREN HASTINGS: FIRST GOVERNOR GENERAL<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.5536%; text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/supreme-court\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SUPREME COURT<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","udaan-chapter":[5768],"udaan-subject":[5167],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/udaan\/93549"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/udaan"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/udaan"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=93549"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=93549"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"udaan-chapter","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/udaan-chapter?post=93549"},{"taxonomy":"udaan-subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/udaan-subject?post=93549"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}