{"id":95075,"date":"2024-03-26T15:06:40","date_gmt":"2024-03-26T09:36:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/?post_type=udaan&#038;p=95075"},"modified":"2024-09-13T16:57:51","modified_gmt":"2024-09-13T11:27:51","slug":"parliamentary-committees-in-india","status":"publish","type":"udaan","link":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/udaan\/parliamentary-committees-in-india","title":{"rendered":"Parliamentary Committees in India: Structure, Functions, and Importance"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Introduction<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The modern <a title=\"STATE LEGISLATURE IN INDIA: STRUCTURE, FUNCTIONS, AND LEGISLATIVE PROCESS\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/state-legislature-article-168-212-part-vi-state\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Legislature<\/a> these days is <\/span><b>over-burdened with the heavy volume of work<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with limited time at its disposal. It thus becomes impossible that every matter should be thoroughly and systematically scrutinized and considered on the floor of the House. It thus becomes<\/span><b> impossible that every matter should be thoroughly and systematically scrutinized<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and considered on the floor of the House. In such a scenario, <a title=\"KEY PARLIAMENTARY COMMITTEE AND CABINET COMMITTEES IN INDIA: ROLES AND FUNCTIONS\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/parliamentary-committee\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Parliamentary Committees<\/a> play a <\/span><b>vital role in the<a title=\"PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM: FEATURES, MERITS AND DISTINCTIONS FROM THE BRITISH MODEL\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/parliamentary-system-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Parliamentary System<\/a><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. They are a vibrant link between the <a title=\"INDIAN PARLIAMENT: STRUCTURE, FUNCTIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/parliament\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Parliament<\/a>, the Executive, and the general public.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Parliamentary Committees in the Indian Legislature<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b><a title=\"INDIAN CONSTITUTION: DEMOCRACY, RIGHTS &#038; DIVERSITY\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/indian-constitution-exploration\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Constitution<\/a> of India: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mention of these committees at different places, but without making any specific provisions regarding their composition, tenure, functions, etc. They are dealt by the <\/span><b>Rules of two Houses.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Importance of Committee: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This has become all the more necessary as a Committee provides the expertise on a matter which is referred to it.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Constructive Atmosphere: In a Committee<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the matter is deliberated at length, views are expressed freely, and the matter is considered in depth, in a business-like manner and in a calmer atmosphere.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Public Engagement: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the majority of committees, the <\/span><b>public is involved either directly or indirectly<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> through the submission of memoranda with suggestions, on-site studies, and oral testimonies. These contributions assist committees in reaching conclusions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Criteria for Parliamentary Committee<\/b><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Appointed or elected<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by the house or nominated by speaker or chairman.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Works under the direction of the<\/span><b><a title=\"Demonstrate Impartiality: Role of Speakers in Lok Sabha and Legislative Assemblies\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/editorial-analysis\/speaker\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Speaker<\/a>\/Chairman<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Presents its <\/span><b>report to the house<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or to the<\/span><b> speaker\/chairman<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Has a secretariat<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> provided by Lok Sabha\/Rajya Sabha.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Consultative Committees<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which also consist of members of <a title=\"FUNCTIONS OF PARLIAMENT(PART-V) IN INDIAN CONSTITUTION\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/functions-of-parliament\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Parliament<\/a>, are<\/span><b> not parliamentary<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> committees as <\/span><b>they do not fulfill the above four conditions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Classification<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Parliamentary committees are of two kinds:-<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Standing Committees: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Permanent (constituted every year or periodically) , work on a continuous basis.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ad Hoc Committees:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Temporary and cease to exist on completion of the task assigned to them.\u00a0 These are of two types: Inquiry Committees and Advisory Committees.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">Important Parliamentary Committees<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; height: 2114px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 74px;\">\n<td style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #ff5e00; height: 74px;\" colspan=\"2\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><b>Estimates Committee<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 120px;\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; height: 120px;\"><b>Origin<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; height: 120px;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The origin of this committee can be traced to the standing financial committee set up in <\/span><b>1921<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The<\/span><b> First Estimates Committee<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the post-independence era was set up in <\/span><b>1950 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">on the recommendation of <\/span><b>John Mathai.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 180px;\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; height: 180px;\"><b>Composition<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; height: 180px;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>30 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">members <\/span><b>all from LS<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (<\/span><b>largest committee<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">). <\/span><b>[UPSC 2014]<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These members are <\/span><b>elected every year<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from amongst its own members, according to the principles of proportional representation by means of a single transferable vote.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The<\/span><b> Minister cannot be a member<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 74px;\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; height: 74px;\"><b>Function<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; height: 74px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To examine the budget and also suggest economies of public expenditure.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 108px;\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; height: 108px;\"><b>Involvement in policy<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; height: 108px;\"><b>Suggest alternative policy <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to ensure economies of public expenditure.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 74px;\">\n<td style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #ff5e00; height: 74px;\" colspan=\"2\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><b>Public Accounts Committee<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 74px;\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; height: 74px;\"><b>Origin<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; text-align: justify; height: 74px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Set up <\/span><b>first in 1921<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> under <\/span><b>GOI Act 1919.<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 300px;\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; height: 300px;\"><b>Composition<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; text-align: justify; height: 300px;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>22 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">= 15(LS) + 7(RS). <\/span><b>[UPSC 2013]<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Elected for one year on the basis of proportional representation by single transferable vote.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Chairman from Opposition.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Minister cannot be a member.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The chairman of the committee is appointed from amongst its members by the Speaker.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Until <\/span><b>1966 &#8211; 67<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Chairman:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> From the ruling party.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Since 1967: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Invariably from the Opposition.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 180px;\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; height: 180px;\"><b>Function<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; text-align: justify; height: 180px;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Examines CAG Audit report<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and discovers the irregularities.<\/span><b>[UPSC 2013]<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The committee examines public expenditure not only from legal and formal point of view but also from the point of view of economy, prudence, wisdom and propriety. <\/span><b>[UPSC 2013]<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>CAG &#8211; Friend, philosopher, and guide for PAC.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 74px;\">\n<td style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #ff5e00; height: 74px;\" colspan=\"2\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><b>Committee on Public Undertakings<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 74px;\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; height: 74px;\"><b>Origin<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; height: 74px;\"><b>Krishna Menon Committee<\/b> <b>1964.<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 150px;\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; height: 150px;\"><b>Composition<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; height: 150px;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>22 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">= 15(LS) + 7(RS)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Minister cannot be a member.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chairman of the committee is appointed by the <\/span><b>Speaker <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">from amongst its members who are drawn from the Lok Sabha only.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 150px;\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; height: 150px;\"><b>Function<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8; height: 150px;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To examine reports and accounts of public sector undertakings.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Does not involve in the day to day affairs of PSUs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recommendations are advisory and not binding on the ministries.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 74px;\">\n<td style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #ff5e00; height: 74px;\" colspan=\"2\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><b>Departmental Standing Committee (24 Committees)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 108px;\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center; height: 108px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Origin<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 108px; text-align: justify; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On the recommendation of the Rules committees of Lok Sabha (1993). In 2004, seven more such committees were set up, thus increasing their number from\u00a0 17 to 24.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 180px;\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center; height: 180px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Composition<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 180px; text-align: justify; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>31 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">= 21(LS) + 10(RS).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Members <\/span><b>nominated <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">by respective presiding officers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Term<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: each standing committee\u2019s term is <\/span><b>one yea<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">r from the date of its constitution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Minister is not eligible to be nominated as a member of any of the standing committees<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 120px;\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center; height: 120px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\"><b>Function<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 120px; text-align: justify; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To examine bills, demand of grants and other matters recommended to them.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Out of the 24 standing committees, <\/span><b>8<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> work under the <\/span><b>Rajya Sabha <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>16<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> under the<\/span><b> Lok Sabha.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Key Committees in the Indian Parliament: Roles, Composition, and Functions<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e9ebe8;\" colspan=\"2\"><b>Committee with presiding officers of Lok Sabha <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Speaker) <\/span><b>and Rajya Sabha <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Chairperson)<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Rules Committee<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: considers the matters of procedure and conduct of business in the House and recommends necessary amendments or additions to the rules of the House. In the <\/span><b>Lok Sabha<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the committee consists of <\/span><b>15 members<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> including the Speaker. In the <\/span><b>Rajya Sabha<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, it consists of <\/span><b>16 members <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">including the Chairman.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Business Advisory Committee<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Regulates the programme and time table of the House. It allocates time for the transaction of legislative and other business brought before the House by the government. In the Lok Sabha, the committee consists of <\/span><b>15 members<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> including the Speaker. In the <\/span><b>Rajya Sabha<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, it has <\/span><b>11 members<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> including the Chairman.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>General Purposes Committee<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Considers and advises on matters concerning affairs of the House, which do not fall within the jurisdiction of any other parliamentary committee.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Overview of Cabinet Committees in the Indian Government: Functions, Composition, and Significance<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Extra constitutional <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in emergence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The executive in India works under the <\/span><b>Government of India Transaction of Business Rules, 1961.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These <\/span><b>Rules emerge from Article 77(3) of the Constitution<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which states: \u201cThe <a title=\"PRESIDENT OF INDIA: CONSTITUTIONAL ROLES, ELECTORAL PROCESSES AND EXECUTIVE AUTHORITY\" href=\"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/upsc-notes\/president-of-india\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">President<\/a> shall make rules for the more convenient transaction of the business of the Government of India, and for the allocation among Ministries of the said business.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Set up by the <\/span><b>Prime Minister (PM)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; aims to reduce the workload of a cabinet; varies membership from 3-8; includes minister in charge; includes senior ministers; and takes decisions which are reviewed by a cabinet.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Two types: Standing committee<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or\u00a0 Permanent committee and <\/span><b>Ad Hoc committee <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">or temporary, for a special purpose.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They are mostly headed by the Prime Minister. Sometimes other senior Cabinet ministers also act as their Chairman. But, in case the Prime Minister is a member of a committee, he\/she invariably presides over it.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">Important Cabinet Committees\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Cabinet Committee on Political Affairs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Called the<\/span><b> Super Cabinet<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, deals with all policy matters pertaining to foreign and domestic affairs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: directs and coordinates governmental activities on the economic sphere.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Appointment Committee of Cabinet<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Decides all higher-level appointments in the central secretariat, public enterprises banks and financial institutions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Cabinet Committee on Parliamentary Affairs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Looks after progress of government business in the Parliament<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Cabinet committee on investment and growth.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Cabinet committee on employment and skill development.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Cabinet Committee on Security.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Cabinet Committee on Accommodation.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Parliamentary committees play a crucial role in the legislative process by thoroughly<\/span><b> examining matters referred to them<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>deliberating on various viewpoints<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and engaging the public to ensure informed decision-making. Their diverse functions contribute to the<\/span><b> efficiency, transparency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and<\/span><b> accountability<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of parliamentary proceedings, ultimately <\/span><b>strengthening democratic governance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","udaan-chapter":[5773],"udaan-subject":[5167],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/udaan\/95075"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/udaan"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/udaan"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/38"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=95075"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=95075"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"udaan-chapter","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/udaan-chapter?post=95075"},{"taxonomy":"udaan-subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pwonlyias.com\/stage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/udaan-subject?post=95075"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}