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April 6, 2024 1565 0
Tribal communities, with their distinct identities and traditional ways of life, frequently found themselves at odds with the colonial administration. Britsh made every possible way to exert control and exploit natural resources. Tribals rose against these injustices, Their revolts served as powerful expressions of indigenous resistance, challenging the hegemony of British authority and advocating for the preservation of tribal autonomy and rights. The tribal movements can be divided into mainland tribal revolts and frontier tribal revolts based on their point of occurrence.
A later Khond rebellion in 1914 in the Orissa region was triggered by the hope that foreign rule would end and they could gain an autonomous government. |
The Khuntkatti system
|
Movement | Region | Main Causes and Events | Leaders |
Kol Uprisings
(1831) |
Chotanagpur |
|
Buddho Bhagat |
Ho & Munda Uprisings
(1820-37) |
Jharkhand |
|
Raja Parahat |
Khonda Dora Campaign
(1900) |
Dabur Region, Visakhapatnam |
|
Korra Mallaya |
Bhil Revolts
(1817-19, 1913) |
Western Ghats Region |
|
Govind Guru |
Rampa Revolt
(1916, 1922-24) |
Andhra Pradesh |
|
Alluri Sitarama Raju |
Forest Satyagrahas
(1920s, 1930s) |
Guntur region (AP) and Palamau, Bihar |
|
Chenchus (Guntur), Karwars (Palamau) |
Ramosi Uprisings | Western Ghats |
|
Chittur Singh, Umaji Naik |
Other movements
|
Movement | Location | Leaders | Main Causes and Events |
Khasi Uprising
(Up to 1833) |
Garo & Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya | Tirath Singh |
|
Singhphos Rebellion
(1830 Onwards) |
Assam | Nirang Phidu |
|
Kukis Revolt
(1917-1919) |
Manipur | – |
|
Zeliangsong Movement
(1920s) |
Manipur | Zemi, Liangmei, Rongmei tribes |
|
Naga Movement
(1905-1931) |
Manipur | Jadonang |
|
Heraka Cult
(1930s) |
Manipur | Rani Gaidinlu |
|
Other Movements:Syntengs of Jaintia Hills in 1860–62, Phulaguri peasant’s rebellion in 1861, Revolt of the Saflas in 1872–73, Uprising of the Kacha Nagas of Cachhar in 1882, Khampti rebellion in Assam between 1839 and 1842, Lushais revolt in 1842 and 1844, when they attacked villages in Manipur. |
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