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Conservation Reserves and Community Reserves in India are crucial for biodiversity preservation and community empowerment. Discover their roles, significance and delicate balance.
Conservation Reserves and Community Reserves in India: Conservation reserves in India serve as vital protective zones, establishing connections between national parks, sanctuaries, and reserved forests. These reserves were enacted through the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act of 2002.
A Conservation Reserve is a protected area designated for the conservation of biodiversity and natural resources, where traditional rights and community-based practices are allowed. It aims to involve local communities in the management and protection of these areas.
Let us have a look at some important facts about a Conservation Reserve:
Also Read: Protected Areas in India
Conservation reserves in India play a crucial role in preserving biodiversity, protecting endangered species, and maintaining ecological balance. They serve as buffer zones, promote sustainable development, and support local communities through ecotourism and conservation awareness.
The table below contains the list of some important Conservation Reserves in India:
| Important Conservation Reserves in India | |
| State | Name of the Conservation Reserve |
| Gujarat | Chhari Dhand Conservation Reserve |
| Haryana | Bir Bara Ban Conservation Reserve |
| Haryana | Saraswati Plantation Conservation Reserve |
| Karnataka | Jayamangali Black Buck Conservation Reserve |
| Karnataka | Kappatagudda Conservation Reserve |
| Karnataka | Thimmalapura Ummathur Conservation reserve |
| Maharashtra | Anjneri Conservation Reserve |
| Maharashtra | Barkada Conservation Reserve |
| Punjab | Beas River Conservation Reserve |
| Uttarakhand | Pawalgarh Conservation Reserve |
| Uttarakhand | Naina Devi Himalayan Bird Conservation Reserve |
| Himachal Pradesh | Shri Naina Devi Conservation Reserve |
| West Bengal | Tekonia Conservation Reserve |
Conservation reserves in India play a crucial role in protecting biodiversity, supporting sustainable livelihoods for local communities, and serving as buffer zones around protected areas, thereby enhancing ecological connectivity and resilience against environmental changes.
Let us have a look at some major aspects of significance of Conservation Reserves in India:
Community Reserves in India are protected areas designated for the conservation of wildlife and biodiversity, managed by local communities. These reserves aim to involve local people in conservation efforts while allowing sustainable use of resources.
Let us have a look at some important facts about Community Reserves in India:
Community Reserves in India are significant as they empower local communities to manage and conserve wildlife and habitats, promoting biodiversity and sustainable use of natural resources while fostering community participation and awareness in conservation efforts.
Let us have a look at some major aspects of significance of Community Reserves in India:
Community reserves in India play a crucial role in biodiversity conservation by involving local communities in protecting flora and fauna. They act as buffer zones, enhance ecological connectivity, and support sustainable livelihoods through eco-friendly practices.
The table below contains the list of some important Community Reserves in India:
| Important Community Reserves in India | |
| State | Name of the Community Reserve |
| Andhra Pradesh | Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary Community Reserve |
| Assam | Charaideo Community Reserve |
| Sonai Rupai Wildlife Sanctuary Community Reserve | |
| Sadiya Range Community Reserve | |
| Chhattisgarh | Ghotiyari Marwahi Community Reserve |
| Gujarat | Jessore Sloth Bear Sanctuary Community Reserve |
| Barda Wildlife Sanctuary Community Reserve | |
| Himachal Pradesh | Kais Wildlife Sanctuary Community Reserve |
| Karnataka | Talakaveri Wildlife Sanctuary Community Reserve |
| Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple Wildlife Sanctuary Community Reserve | |
| Kerala | Mangalavanam Bird Sanctuary Community Reserve |
| Maharashtra | Kalsubai Harishchandragad Wildlife Sanctuary Community Reserve |
| Malvan Wildlife Sanctuary Community Reserve | |
| Meghalaya | Narpuh Wildlife Sanctuary Community Reserve |
| Mizoram | Khawnglung Wildlife Sanctuary Community Reserve |
| Nagaland | Puliebadze Wildlife Sanctuary Community Reserve |
| Odisha | Badrama Wildlife Sanctuary Community Reserve |
| Rajasthan | Jawai Bandh Community Reserve |
| Tamil Nadu | Megamalai Wildlife Sanctuary Community Reserve |
| Uttarakhand | Nandhaur Wildlife Sanctuary Community Reserve |
| Uttar Pradesh | Ranipur Wildlife Sanctuary Community Reserve |
| West Bengal | Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary Community Reserve |
Let us have a look at some Case studies to understand the role of Community Reserves in India in Wildlife protection:
Conservation Reserves are areas designated to protect landscapes, habitats, and their biodiversity, managed by the state government, while Community Reserves are protected areas adjacent to community lands, where local communities actively participate in management and conservation efforts.
The table below contains the key differences between Conservation Reserves and Community Reserves:
| Difference Between Conservation Reserves and Community Reserves | ||
| Specification | Conservation Reserves | Community Reserves |
| Ownership | Typically state-owned lands. | Can be community or private-owned lands. |
| Management Authority | Conservation Reserve Management Committee. | Community Reserve Management Committee. |
| Designated by | State Government in consultation with local communities. | State Government upon consent from the community or individuals willing to conserve wildlife. |
| Purpose | Preservation of land, sea, and habitat for fauna and flora. | Preservation of local flora, fauna, customs, cultures, and practices along with biodiversity. |
| Changes in Land Use | No significant restrictions on land use within the reserve. | Changes in land use are only permitted with authorization from both the State Government and the Management Committee. |
| Number in India | 100 conservation reserves covering 0.15% of the country’s geographical area. | 219 community reserves covering 0.043% of the nation’s landmass. |
| Total Area Covered in India | 4927.28 km2 (0.15% of India’s total land area). | 1446.28 km2 (0.043% of India’s total land area). |
| Initiative Date | Initiated after the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act of 2002. | |
| Management Flexibility | Provides a flexible system for wildlife conservation without jeopardizing community needs. | Aims to enhance socioeconomic circumstances of local populations while preserving biodiversity. |
| Examples | Tiruppadaimarathur Conservation Reserve in Tamil Nadu. | Gond tribals protecting reserved forests in Mendha (Lekha) village, Maharashtra. |
| Must Read | |
| NCERT Notes For UPSC | UPSC Daily Current Affairs |
| UPSC Blogs | UPSC Daily Editorials |
| Daily Current Affairs Quiz | Daily Main Answer Writing |
| UPSC Mains Previous Year Papers | UPSC Test Series 2024 |
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