Indian Air Force Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla is set to become the first Indian astronaut to travel to the International Space Station (ISS).
Group Captain Shukla is also one of the four astronaut-designates selected for the ISRO-led Gaganyaan mission.
About the Axiom-4 (Ax-4) Mission
Axiom-4 (Ax-4) is the fourth private astronaut mission organized by Axiom Space.
The mission will launch in May 2025 from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, USA.
It is a 14-day mission to the ISS with a focus on scientific research and international collaboration.
Crew Members
Mission Commander: Peggy Whitson, former NASA astronaut.
Pilot: Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla (India).
Other Crew Members:
Sławosz Uznański-Wiśniewski (Poland, ESA astronaut)
Tibor Kapu (Hungary, ESA astronaut)
Research Focus: It will be the most science-focused mission by Axiom Space to date.
The mission will carry out approximately 60 scientific studies.
Research involves 31 countries, including India, U.S., Poland, Hungary, Saudi Arabia, Brazil, Nigeria, UAE, and others across Europe.
ISRO’s Research Contributions
ISRO, in collaboration with NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA), will conduct cutting-edge microgravity research.
The research aims to:
Investigate cognitive and visual effects of computer screens in space.
Study growth, metabolism, and genetics of three microalgae strains in microgravity.
Compare cellular responses and biochemistry of two cyanobacteria strains in space.
Explore skeletal muscle dysfunction in microgravity and test potential therapies.
Examine how six crop seed varieties germinate and grow in space.
Identify molecular mechanisms of plant resilience in extreme environments.
Significance of the Mission for India
Historic Milestone: Marks India’s return to human spaceflight after four decades and positions India as a participant in international commercial space missions.
Scientific Advancement: It contributes valuable technical expertise and international experience for future Indian space endeavors.
Enhances India’s presence in microgravity and space biology research.
Supports development of long-duration space travel strategies.
Promotes scientific collaboration with major space agencies like NASA and ESA.
Boost to Gaganyaan : The mission strengthens India’s preparedness for ISRO’s upcoming Gaganyaan mission.
About the International Space Station (ISS)
The ISS is the largest human-made structure in space, launched in 1998 and continuously inhabited since 2011, orbiting Earth at an altitude of ~400 km.
International Collaboration: It is a joint project involving NASA (USA), Roscosmos (Russia), ESA (Europe), JAXA (Japan), and CSA (Canada), symbolizing global cooperation in space exploration.
Scientific and Medical Research Hub: The ISS enables studies in microgravity, aiding advancements in medicine (e.g., Alzheimer’s, cancer), fluid physics, and human biology, while also testing 3D printing and space farming.
Future Plans and Global Space Ambitions: While Russia plans to exit the ISS, the US and Europe remain committed until 2030; India, China, and UAE are developing their own stations, with India’s Bhartiya Antriksh Station planned by 2035.
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