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Astronomers Discovers the Small, Hot Helium Star

February 22, 2024

GS Paper III Science and Technology

Context: 

Astronomers have discovered a rare class of stars, called helium-covered hot stars.

Astronomers Discover a Hot Helium Star

  • After the research, scientists finally discovered a missing population of stars that confirms a key prediction of how Binary Star evolved.
Binary Star

  • A system of two stars in which one star revolves around the other or both revolve around a common centre.

 

Also Read: Formation Of Stars

What Is a Helium Star?

  • It is a class O or B star (blue), which has extraordinarily strong helium lines, and weaker than normal Hydrogen lines, indicating strong stellar winds.
Class O or B Star

  • Class O: It includes bluish-white stars with surface temperatures typically 25,000–50,000 K.
    • Lines of ionized helium appear in the spectra.
  •  Class B: These stars typically range from 10,000 K to 25,000 K and are also bluish-white but show neutral helium lines
    • Extreme Helium Stars are scarce stars that are almost completely devoid of hydrogen.
  • Temperature: Helium-rich stars are the hottest star category, almost 10 times as hot as the Sun.
    • Their immense heat means that despite being exceptionally rare, they make an outsize contribution to the universe’s stock of heavier elements.
  • Hypothetical Star: A Helium star is also a term for a hypothetical star that could occur if two helium white dwarfs subsequently start nuclear fusion of helium, with a lifetime of a few hundred million years.
  • This may only happen if these two binary masses share the same type of envelope phase. It is believed this is the origin of the extreme helium stars.
Also Read: Black Hole Mass Gap

News Source: ILF Science and The Hindu   

Must Read
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