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Iceland Declares State of Emergency Over Volcanic Eruption Threat

November 11, 2023

GS Paper II International Relations

Context:

  • Iceland’s Reykjanes peninsula experienced significant earthquakes, raising concerns about a potential volcanic eruption. Consequently, the country declared a state of emergency on November 10, 2023.

Key Points

  • Iceland, with 33 active volcanic systems, experiences frequent seismic activity due to its location on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. 
  • Three eruptions since 2021 underscore the region’s increased volcanic activity. 
  • The Reykjanes volcanic system, dormant for eight centuries before 2021, exhibits a new cycle of heightened activity that may persist for decades or centuries.

About Mid-Atlantic Ridge

  • The ridge was discovered in the 1950s. Its discovery led to the theory of seafloor spreading and the general acceptance of Wegener’s theory of continental drift. 
  • The MAR separates the North American Plate from the Eurasian Plate in the North Atlantic, and the South American Plate from the African Plate in the South Atlantic. 
  • Most of the ridge system is underwater but forms land as a set of volcanic islands of varying size that run the length of the Atlantic Ocean.

state of emergency

 

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