Option (b) is correct.

Explanation:

• In the beginning of September, eight devastating flooding events unfolded on four continents in parts of central Greece, northwestern Turkey, southern Brazil, central and coastal Spain, southern China, Hong Kong and the southwestern U.S.

Option (c) is correct

Explanation:

Retail inflation moderated to 6.83% in August from a 15-month high of 7.44% in July due to easing vegetable prices.

• Statement 1 is not correct: Inflation targeting is done by the Central Bank in an economy, RBI in case of India, as a part of their monetary policy to realise the objective of a stable rate of inflation.
• Statement 2 is correct: GDP deflator is the ratio of the GDP at current prices to that of the constant prices. This shows the increase in the value of GDP due to increase in inflation between the period base year (i.e., the year of constant prices) and the current year.
• Statement 3 is correct: Investment in the economy is boosted by the inflation (in the short-run) because of two reasons:
  • Higher inflation indicates higher demand and suggests entrepreneurs to expand their production level.
  • Higher the inflation, lower the cost of loan.

Option (d) is correct

Explanation:

Nipah breaks out again in Kerala, the government sets up control room, surveillance and contact tracing with the district put on high alert.

• According to the World Health organisation, there is no treatment or vaccine available for either people or animals. The primary treatment for humans is supportive care.
• Nipah virus infection in humans causes a range of clinical presentations, from asymptomatic infection to acute respiratory infection and fatal encephalitis.
• The case fatality rate is estimated at 40% to 75%. This rate can vary by outbreak depending on local capabilities for epidemiological surveillance and clinical management.
• Nipah virus can be transmitted to humans from animals (such as bats or pigs), or contaminated foods and can also be transmitted directly from human-to-human.
• Fruit bats of the Pteropodidae family are the natural host of Nipah virus.

Option (a) is correct

Explanation:

• Recently, Defence minister inaugurated border infrastructure projects near the Indo-China Border:
• The airfield is coming up at Nyoma in eastern Ladakh as part of border infrastructure projects.
• It will be the world’s highest base for the armed forces.
• The upgradation of the Nyoma airstrip to a full-fledged base for fighter operations will be spearheaded by a crew of women officers. 

Option (c) is correct

Explanation:

India has the proposition of setting up an International Container Transshipment Port (ICTP) as part of a mega-project at Galathea Bay in Great Nicobar Island in the Andamans. 

• Campbell Bay National Park: One of the most secluded national parks in India. It is situated on the Nicobar Islands and was notified as a National Park in 1992 which also included it in the Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve.
• Galathea Bay and Galathea National Park: It is located in Great Nicobar Island and is included in Coastal Regulation Zone 1. It is the nesting site of the leatherback turtle, the world’s largest sea turtle.
• Indira Point: Indira Point is the southernmost point of India, along the Six Degree Channel, which is a major shipping lane for international traffic.