Option (b) is correct

Explanation:

• The Tamil Nadu government sought the Supreme Court’s intervention to make Karnataka immediately release 24,000 cubic feet per second (cusecs) from its reservoirs.
• Statement 1 is correct: The River Cauvery originates at Talakaveri in Coorg District of Karnataka in Brahmagiri Range of hills in the Western ghats.
• Statement 2 is correct: The dispute lies between  Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and the Union Territory of Pondicherry.
• Statement 3 is not correct: Article 262 confers the power to Parliament for the adjudication of any dispute or complaint with respect to the use, distribution or control of the waters of any inter-State river or river valley. 
  • It also empowers the Parliament to enact provisions barring the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court or any other courts to adjudicate. 

Option (b) is correct

Explanation:

• The relationship between the El Nino and the monsoon has weakened over the monsoon core zone or central India over the years, but strengthened in north India, a new paper published in Nature’s Scientific Reports.
• ‘El Nino’ is a Spanish word meaning ‘the child’, and refers to the baby Christ, as this current starts flowing during Christmas.
• Statement 2 is not correct: El Niño events are typically associated with increased rainfall in parts of southern South America, the southern United States, the Horn of Africa and central Asia.
• The presence of the El Nino leads to weakening of the trade winds in the region.
• Statement 1 is correct:  El Nino is a climate pattern that describes the unusual warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean.
  • It is the “warm phase” of a larger phenomenon called the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
  • It occurs more frequently than La Nina.

Option (a) is correct

Explanation:

• A Project 17A Frigate named Vindhyagiri (6th ship of frigate) was launched at Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Limited, Kolkata.
• Project 17A was launched by the Indian Navy to construct a series of stealth guided-missile frigates.
• These warships are follow-ons of the Project 17 Class Frigates (Shivalik Class), with improved stealth features, advanced weapons and sensors and platform management systems.

Option (c) is correct

Explanation:

• The President of India, greeted citizens on the eve of the Parsi New Year.
• Navroz: Navroz means a new day and it is the time to welcome the new year for the Parsi community.  Nowruz for India falls in July or August and this year in 2023 Parsi New Year is observed on August 16. It is believed to be a 3000 years old festival and emerged from one of the world’s oldest religions, Zoroastrianism. 
• Pateti: The last Gatha day in the Parsi calendar is observed as the Pateti. It is the day meant for offering repentance (Patet) for sins committed during the year. 
• Khordad Sal: The birth anniversary of Prophet Zoroaster, Khordad Sal is celebrated on the sixth day of the Parsi month of Farvardin.

Option (c) is correct

Explanation:

• The Aditya-L1 mission will be launched by PSLV rocket from the Sathish Dhawan Space Centre SHAR (SDSC SHAR) in Sriharikota.
• Statement 2 is correct: It is the first Indian space mission to observe the Sun and the solar corona.
• Statement 1 is correct: It will be placed in a halo orbit around the first Lagrange point, L1, of the Sun-Earth system which allows it to look at the Sun continuously.
• It will provide greater advantage of observing the solar activities and its effect on space weather. 
• It contains seven payloads on board to observe the photosphere, chromosphere and the outermost layers of the Sun (the corona).