Option (b) is correct.

Explanation:

• The Supreme Court recently said that licence fees paid by telecommunication companies such as Bharti Airtel and Vodafone Idea after July 1999 would be treated as capital expenditure and not revenue expenditure.
• Statement 1, 2 and 4 are correct: Capital expenditure is the money a corporate entity spends to buy, maintain or improve its fixed assets such as buildings, vehicles, equipment or land. It includes money spent on the following:
  • Acquiring fixed and intangible assets
  • Upgrading an existing asset
  • Repairing an existing asset
  • Repayment of loan
• Statements 3 and 5 are not correct: Revenue expenditure implies administrative expenses such as rent, utilities, property taxes and business travel incurred to meet the operational costs of running a business.
• Salaries of employees, interest payment on past debt, subsidies, pension, etc, fall under the category of revenue expenditure. It is recurring in nature.

Option (c) is correct 

Explanation:

• A cloudburst in Sikkim triggered a massive flash flood leading to the Teesta river flowing at the danger mark.
• Statement 1 is not correct: The River Teesta originates from a glacial lake Khangchung Chho at an elevation of 5,280m in northeastern Sikkim.
• Statement 2 is correct: It flows through the Indian States of Sikkim and West Bengal before entering Bangladesh, where it flows into the Brahmaputra. 
• Statement 3 is correct: The Rangeet River is a tributary of River Teesta, the largest river in Sikkim. 
• Rangeet (also known as the Great Rangeet) originates from a glacier of Mount Kabru at the lower Kanchenjunga region. 
• On its way down, river Ramman which originates from the Singalila region of Darjeeling district joins the Rangeet.

Option (a) is correct.

Explanation: 

• WarfareLaws of war are in focus due to the ongoing Hamas-Israel Conflict.
• The terms ‘jus in bello, jus ad bellum’, often seen in news, are in the context of warfare.
• Laws of War:
  • International humanitarian law, or jus in bello, provides the rules to be followed during an armed conflict. 
    • International humanitarian law(IHL) is contained in customary international law, the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and the Additional Protocols of 1977 to protect civilians in war
  • jus ad bellum: Under what conditions or when can countries use force in their international relations during war. It is regulated by the United Nations (UN) Charter. 

Option (c) is correct.

Explanation:

• The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) has approved a foreign security mission, led by Kenya to Haiti.
• Statement 1 is correct: Haiti is located in the north-central Caribbean; occupying the western third of the Island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago.
• Statement 2 is correct:It is positioned in the Northern and Western hemispheres of the Earth.
• Haiti lies to the east of Cuba and Jamaica and to the south of The Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands. 
• The country is bordered to the east by the Dominican Republic; to the west and south by the Caribbean Sea; and to the north by the Atlantic Ocean.

Option (b) is correct

Explanation: 

• Statement 2 is not correct: Recently, Nasa launched a Psyche mission from Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
• The Psyche asteroid was discovered by Italian astronomer Annibale de Gasparis in 1852, who named it after the goddess of the soul in ancient Greek mythology.
• Statement 1 is Correct: The Psyche mission has main scientific  objectives: 
  • Understand a previously unexplored building block of planet formation: iron cores. 
  • Look inside terrestrial planets, including Earth, by directly examining the interior of a differentiated body, which otherwise could not be seen. 
  • Determine whether Psyche is a core, or if it is unmelted material. 
• As the composition of Psyche is very similar to earth’s own core, its study will also give an insight to earth’s violent history of collisions.