Option (d) is correct

Explanation: 

• The Amazon rainforest is reeling from an intense drought. As a result, there is no water, food, or medicine in villages of Indigenous communities living in the area.
• The Amazon rainforest is a wet broadleaf forest that takes up the majority of South America’s Amazon basin. 
• It flourished during the Eocene era allowing different species to evolve and survive. The vast forest plays a critical role in keeping the local and regional climate in check. 
• The Amazon rainforest spreads across nine countries namely Brazil, Ecuador, Venezuela, Suriname, Peru, Colombia, Bolivia, Guyana, and French Guiana. 

Option (c) is correct

Explanation: 

• India’s Central Band Digital Currency i.e., e-rupee has seen very little adoption in its ongoing trial phase.
• Statement 1 is correct: CBDC is issued by the RBI in digital form. It is the same as the fiat currency, and is exchangeable one-to-one with the fiat currency. 
• Statement 2 is correct: It is a fungible legal tender, for which holders need not have a bank account. 
• CBDC will appear as ‘liability’ (currency in circulation) on the RBI’s balance sheet.
  • A token CBDC is a “bearer-instrument” like a banknote, meaning whoever ‘holds’ the tokens at a given point in time will be presumed to own them.
• The retail CBDC was launched by RBI, is a digital token that will function as the digital equivalent of a banknote that can be transferred electronically from one holder to another. 
• It can be kept in a wallet on a mobile phone, and spent as cash is spent.

Option (b) is correct.

Explanation: 

• The Delhi High Court has found “large-scale infringement” in the reproduction of copyrighted works of the Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.
  • The trust publishes books and commentaries on Indian religious philosophy and spiritualism, especially classic Vaishnava texts.
• Indian copyright law protects “original work” — a creative and independently created expression fixed in a tangible medium. 
• Statement 1 is correct: The law grants the creator/ author of the work the exclusive right to “use, reproduce, distribute, perform, and display their work”.they are not prote
• Statement 2 is correct: The law also protects transformative work which is a creative/ artistic work that takes existing material (text, music, art) and significantly modifies, reinterprets, or builds upon it to create something new and distinct.
• Statement 3 is not correct: Copyright law does not apply to public domain creative works like religious scriptures.

Option (c) is correct.

Explanation

• The Automated Permanent Academic Account Registry (APAAR)– under the new ‘One Nation, One Student’ scheme was recently launched by the government.
• Statement 1 is correct: The government plans to implement a unique identification number for students in private and government schools, known as the Automated Permanent Academic Account Registry (APAAR) ID.
• Statement 2 is correct: It is part of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. 
• Statement 3 is correct: The APAAR ID unique to each student, will track the educational progress, achievements and other particulars about specific students. 
• Statement 4 is not correct: It will be linked to the student’s Aadhaar ID but will not replace it.

Option(d) is correct

Explanation:

• The Supreme Court referred the electoral bonds case to the 5-judge Constitution Bench.
• Statement 1 is not correct: A Supreme Court bench with a strength of minimum five judges is called the Constitution Bench.
• It is constituted whenever a matter of law arises that requires a provision or provision of the Constitution to be interpreted, or there is a “significant legal question”.
• Statement 2 is not correct:  It is not binding on the CJI to be a part of a Constitution Bench.
• Statement 3 is not correct: It is formed when the President of India has sought the Supreme Court’s opinion on a question of fact or law under Article 143 of the Constitution.
• Statement 4 is correct: It is formed when two or more three-judge benches of the Supreme Court have delivered conflicting judgments on the same point of law.