Option (a) is correct

Explanation:

• India and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) recently agreed to conclude the review of their existing free trade agreement in goods by 2025 which is known as ASEAN-India Trade in Goods Agreement (AITIGA).
• It was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand, with the signing of the ASEAN Declaration (Bangkok Declaration).
• It is a political and economic union of 10 member states in Southeast Asia.
• Statement 1 is correct: The motto of ASEAN is “One Vision, One Identity, One Community”.
• Statement 2 is not correct:Chairmanship of ASEAN rotates annually, based on the alphabetical order of the English names of ASEAN member states.

Option (d) is correct

Explanation:

• Anti-corruption crusader Bernardo Arevalo has scored a landslide victory in Guatemala’s presidential election.
• Guatemala, officially known as the Republic of Guatemala, shares its borders with four countries: Mexico to the north and west, Belize to the northeast, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast.
• To the south, it also borders the Pacific Ocean, while the eastern part of the country lies near the Caribbean Sea.

Image Credit: World Atlas

Option (a) is correct

Explanation:

• The  Prime Minister outlined that the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) grouping has become a platform for discussing the challenges facing the Global South.
• The term “Global South” refers to a group of countries described  as ‘developing’, ‘less developed’, or ‘underdeveloped’  countries and regions based on their socio-economic and developmental status, as well as their historical and geopolitical contexts.
• It is often used to differentiate countries that are less economically developed from those in the more economically advanced “Global North.”

Option (d) is correct

Explanation:

• Researchers believe that a strain of methane eating bacteria could potentially remove methane from major emission sites.
• Statement 1 is not correct: Bacterial strain Methylotuvimicrobium buryatense 5GB1C consumes methane, which is responsible for 30% global warming. It is a strain of bacteria which could potentially remove methane from major emission sites such as landfills, paddy fields, and oil and gas wells 
• Statement 2 is not correct: Methanotrophic bacteria are a group of prokaryotes capable of using methane as their sole carbon and energy source. According to the study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, harnessing this bacterium on a large scale can keep 240 million tonnes of methane from reaching the atmosphere by 2050.

Option (b) is correct

Explanation:

• A growing number of Indians are opting to surrender their passports, eventually renouncing their citizenship.
• Statement 1 is  correct: The Constitution deals with the citizenship from Articles 5 to 11 under Part II. However, it contains neither any permanent nor any elaborate provisions in this regard.
• It empowers the Parliament to enact a law to provide for such matters and any other matter relating to citizenship. Accordingly, the Parliament has enacted the Citizenship Act (1955), which has been amended from time to time.
• Statement 2 is not correct: The Citizenship Act (1955) prescribes three ways of losing citizenship whether acquired under the Act or prior to it under the Constitution, viz  renunciation, termination and deprivation.