Option (a) is correct.

• Concerns are being raised about the accuracy of the recently released tiger census in the country.
• Statement 1 is not correct: Tiger census is held every four years in the country.
• Statement 2 is not correct: With a 50 per cent increase in the last four years, Madhya Pradesh has the maximum number (785) of tigers in the country, followed by Karnataka (563), Uttarakhand (560), and Maharashtra (444), according to the data.
• Statement 3 is correct: The reserves with the maximum number of tigers were at the Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand, which reported 260 animals, followed by Bandipur (150), and Nagarhole (141), both in Karnataka.

Option (d) is correct.

Explanation:

• Recently, the Global Biodiversity Framework Fund (GBFF) was ratified and launched at the Seventh Assembly of the Global Environment Facility (GEF) in Vancouver, Canada. 
• The GEF was established on the Rio Earth Summit in 1992 to help tackle environmental problems.  
• It provides funding to assist developing countries in meeting the objectives of international environmental conventions.
• The GEF serves as financial mechanism to five conventions:
  • Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
  • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
  • Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)
  • UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)
  • Minamata Convention on Mercury. 

Option (a) is correct.

Explanation: A 28-feet Nataraja statue is meant to be placed in front of the venue of the G20 Leaders’ Summit in New Delhi.

• Statement I is correct: Shiva’s dance is set within a flaming halo. The god holds in his upper right hand the damaru (hand drum that made the first sounds of creation). His upper left hand holds agni (the fire that will destroy the universe). With his lower right hand, he makes abhaya mudra (the gesture that allays fear). The lower left hand gestures toward that holy foot in assurance that Siva’s grace is the refuge for everyone.
• Statement II is correct: As a symbol, Shiva Nataraja combines in a single image his roles as creator, preserver, and destroyer of the universe and conveys the Indian conception of the never-ending cycle of time.

Option (c) is correct.

• The National Medical Commission (NMC) has put on hold its new guidelines that made it mandatory for doctors to only prescribe generic drugs.
• Statement 1 is correct: The generic drugs must contain the same active ingredients as the original brand-name formulation.
• Statement 2 is correct: It is identical in strength to brand-name drugs.
• Statement 3 is correct: Generic drugs are allowed for sale after the patents on the original drugs expire.
• Statement 4 is not correct: Under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) is responsible for approval of Drugs, Conduct of Clinical Trials, laying down the standards for Drugs, control over the quality of imported Drugs in the country.
• The National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority monitors the availability of drugs, identifies shortages, if any, and takes remedial steps.

Option (a) is correct.

Explanation:

• Recently, The State of India’s Birds, 2023 report was released. According to the report, the Glossy Ibis (around 130%) and Black-headed Ibis (around 80%) have increased in abundance over the past three decades.

• Golden Mahseer: The body colour of an adult Golden Mahseer is golden on the dorsal side and fins are reddish-yellow. Also the fish is characterised by their large scales and thick powerful lips with relatively longer barbels.

• Bombay duck: It is a fish of the family Synodontidae, found in estuaries of northern India, where it is widely used as a food fish.

• Polar Cod: Polar cod are among the most abundant fish in the circumpolar Arctic, occurring in all corners of the region in icy, sub-zero waters. They are able to thrive in such cold waters because polar cod produce something called a glycoprotein which serves as antifreeze in their blood.