Option (c) is correct

Explanation:

• Recently, the Prime Minister launched the National Sickle Cell Anaemia Elimination Mission at a public programme in Shahdol, Madhya Pradesh.
• Statement 1 is not correct: National Sickle Cell Anaemia Elimination Mission was announced as part of the Union Budget 2023-24  with a focus to eliminate sickle cell anaemia by 2047. 
  • The mission entails focus on awareness creation, universal screening of approximately seven crore people in the 0-40 years age group in affected tribal areas and counselling through collaborative efforts of central ministries and state governments.
• Statement 2 is  correct:Sickle cell anaemia is a form of inherited blood disorder that affects the red blood cells of the body. 
• The infection turns the RBCs from round flexible discs into stiff and sticky sickled cells. As a result, the blood doesn’t have enough red blood cells anymore and the affected person develops anaemia.

Option (a) is correct

Explanation:

• Recently, the Union Cabinet recently approved the National Research Foundation (NRF) Bill, 2023
• Statement 1 is not correct: National Research Foundation (NRF) Bill proposes to repeal the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) established by Parliament in 2008 and subsume it into the NRF.
• Statement 2 is correct: National Research Foundation (NRF) Bill, 2023’ aims to set up The National Research Foundation (NRF),  on the lines of the National Science Foundation of the United States with the Prime Minister as its Ex­ officio President.

Option (b) is correct

Explanation:

• Recently, the Prime Minister chaired the meeting of the 42nd edition of PRAGATI, to review projects implemented in the country.
• PRAGATI stands for ‘Pro-Active Governance And Timely Implementation’
• It is the ICT-based multi-modal platform for Pro-Active Governance and Timely Implementation, involving Centre and State governments.
• It is a three-tier system (PMO, Union Government Secretaries, and Chief Secretaries of the States).
• The system has been designed in-house by the PMO team with the help of National Informatics Center (NIC). 

Option (c) is correct

Explanation:

• Statement 2 is correct:The European Space Agency plans to survey billions of galaxies using the Euclid Space Telescope which is due to launch on July 1 from Cape Canaveral in Florida. 
• Statement 1 is correct: Euclid mission is designed to explore the composition and evolution of the ‘dark’ Universe, and uncover the great cosmic mystery of dark matter and dark energy from the Sun-Earth Lagrange point L2.
• The Euclid mission hopes to understand the evolution of the Universe by looking at the light emitted from galaxies 10 billion years ago.

Option (a) is correct

Explanation:

• The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) on approved the PM-PRANAM (PM Programme for Restoration, Awareness, Generation, Nourishment and Amelioration of Mother Earth) scheme
• The PM-PRANAM scheme is aimed at saving the soil and promoting sustainable, balanced use of fertilisers.
• Under Scheme, the Centre would incentivise those States which would adopt alternative fertilisers with the subsidy that was saved by reducing the use of chemical fertilisers.  

Option (d) is correct

Explanation:

• Recently, At the 64th Global Environment Facility (GEF) council meeting in Brazil, the governing body approved the disbursement of $1.4 billion to accelerate efforts to tackle the climate, biodiversity and pollution crises.
• GEF was established on the eve of the 1992 Rio Earth Summit of UNFCCC.
• It provides financial assistance for:
  • The Minamata Convention on Mercury.
  • The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs).
  • The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (UNCBD)
  • The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD).
  • The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).