Option (d) is correct

Explanation:

• The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) is looking to revise its current recommendations aimed at safeguarding non-profit organisations (NPO) from being abused for terrorist financing.
• Statement 1 is correct: FATF is an inter-governmental body decision-making body established in 1989 during the G7 Summit in Paris to develop policies against money laundering.
• Statement 2 is correct: India became an Observer at FATF in 2006. Since then, it has been working towards full-fledged membership. On June 25, 2010 India was taken in as the 34th country member of FATF.
• The FATF Secretariat is located in Paris.
• The FATF Plenary is the decision making body of the FATF.
  • It meets three times per year.
• FATF has 2 types of lists for classifying countries:  Black List and Grey List.

Option (a) is correct

Explanation:

Earth Overshoot Day

• August 2 marks Earth Overshoot Day for 2023.
• It is the date each year at which humans have consumed more natural resources than Earth can naturally replenish in one year’s time.
• Currently, humans use roughly 70% more resources that Earth is capable of regenerating each year.
• Overshoot Day is calculated using UN data to work out each country’s ecological footprint and the ‘biocapacity’ of the planet. 
  • Biocapacity is Earth’s ability to produce renewable resources and absorb waste, while the ecological footprint measures demand on nature including consumption of resources and emissions. 
• First Overshoot Day was observed on 25 December 1971.

Option (d) is correct

Explanation:

• The World Trade Organization (WTO) released its 2023 edition of the World Trade Statistical Review (WTSR), its annual flagship publication featuring key data on global trade in merchandise and commercial services. 
• WTO is an international organisation that deals with the global rules of trade between nations.
• It was established on January 1, 1995, as a result of the Uruguay Round of negotiations under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). 
• The WTO replaced the GATT as the primary international institution responsible for overseeing trade negotiations and resolving trade disputes.

Option (c) is correct

Explanation:

• The Union government’s  Great Nicobar Project may see 9.64 lakh trees felled during its execution phase.
• The Great Nicobar Island is situated at the foot of the Andaman & Nicobar Islands and extends from Ranganatha Bay on the east coast to southwards to Galathea Bay and around the corner of Indira Point to Pemayya Bay.
• Strategic Importance: It is equidistant from Colombo to the southwest and Port Klang and Singapore to the southeast, and positioned close to the East-West international shipping corridor.
• The GNI lies between the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea in a tectonically sensitive zone. 
• Statement 1 is correct: It is inhabited by two Mongoloid tribes, Shompen and Nicobarese.
• Statement 3  is correct:  Tropical wet evergreen forests are its dominant flora.
• Statement 2 is correct:Fourteen species of mammals, 71 species of birds, 26 species of reptiles, 10 species of amphibians, and 113 species of fish are found on the island.
  • The leatherback sea turtle is the island’s flagship species.

Option (d) is correct

Explanation:

• A recent publication by the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) titled as-  75 Endemic Birds of India, was recently released on the 108th foundation day of the ZSI.
• India is home to 1,353 bird species, which represents approximately 12.40% of global bird diversity. Of these 1,353 bird species, 78 (5%) are endemic to the country.