Ans: D

Exp:

Statement 1 is incorrect: The Krishnarajasagar (KRS) dam is built on the river Kaveri and its tributaries, Hemavathi and Lakshmana Theertha. The dam is located in the state of Karnataka.

Statement 2 is incorrect: Recently, the High Court of Karnataka has banned all types of mining and quarrying activities within a 20-km radius of the historic Krishnarajasagar (KRS) dam in Mandya district.

The ban will apply even for those mining activities within a 20-km radius for which permissions/licences were already granted by the authorities, or already operating in the area, or were permitted on the orders of the court earlier.

Ans: C

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct:  According to the report of the Economic Research Department of the State Bank of India- “Income inequality captured through the Gini coefficient (one of the most widely used measures of income inequality) of taxable income has declined significantly from 0.472 to 0.402 during FY14-FY22,”

• The Gini coefficient, also called the Gini index or Gini ratio, is the most commonly used measure of income distribution. 
• The higher the Gini coefficient, the greater the gap between the incomes of a country’s richest and poorest people. 
• The Gini Coefficient score lies between 0 and 1, where complete equality would result in a Gini Coefficient of zero and complete inequality would result in 1.  

Statement 2 is correct: According to a report of the Economic Research Department of the State Bank of India- Income inequality has declined in India with a higher tax base and a shift in taxpayers from lower income to higher income tax brackets.

Ans: C

Exp:

A seven-judge Bench of the Supreme Court on Tuesday started hearing the matter pertaining to Aligarh Muslim University’s minority character. This is a dispute that dates back almost 57 years and has been adjudicated multiple times by different courts.

Statement 1 is correct: Article 30(1) of the Constitution empowers all religious and linguistic minorities to establish and administer educational institutions. This provision reinforces the Union government’s commitment to foster the growth and development of minority communities by guaranteeing that it will not discriminate in giving aid on the basis of their being ‘minority’ institutions.

Statement 2 is correct: The National Commission for Minority Educational Institutions (NCMEI) Act has been enacted to safeguard the educational rights of the minorities enshrined in Article 30(1) of the Constitution.

Statement 3 is correct: The term “Minority” is not defined in the Indian Constitution. However, the Constitution recognises religious and linguistic minorities. The Central Government has notified six religious minority communities viz. Muslim, Christian, Sikh, Buddhist, Parsi and Jain.

Ans: B

Exp: 

Statement 1 is correct: Paradip Fishing Harbour is one of the major fishing harbours in Odisha. 

Statement 2 is incorrect:  The port is located on the right bank of river Mahanadi, 2 km upstream of the river mouth in Jagatsinghpur District. 

Statement 3 is correct: The Central Government has accorded approval to the proposal of Paradip Port Authority for the Modernisation and Upgradation of Paradip Fishing Harbour at a total estimated cost of Rs 108.91 Crore with 100% central financial assistance under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) in convergence with Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways under Sagarmala Scheme. 

Modernisation of Fishing Harbour will improve the lives of thousands of Fishermen and allied workers who depend on the harbour for their livelihood

Ans: A

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct: Tropical cyclones play an important role in maintaining the energy balance at the air-sea interface. They take heat energy from the ocean surface to fuel their development. On the other hand, they also dissipate kinetic energy into the ocean through waves.

Statement 2 is incorrect: Intense tropical cyclones can slow down the economic development of a country and India’s long-term economic damages from tropical cyclones are expected to range from $43-47 per tonne of carbon dioxide, according to a study published in the journal Nature Communications.

Statement 3 is incorrect: A Tropical Cyclone is a warm-core low-pressure system that develops over tropical or subtropical waters and has an organised circulation. These include hurricanes and typhoons. TCs produce high winds, large waves, extreme water levels and heavy rainfall.