Ans: C

Exp:

Spring Tides occur when the sun, the moon, and the earth are in a straight line. During spring tides, the sun’s tidal force works with the moon’s tidal force, and the combined pull can cause the highest and lowest tides. They occur twice a month, one during the full moon period and another during the new moon period. Normally, there is a seven day interval between the spring tides and the neap tides. A neap tide refers to a period of moderate tides when the sun and moon are at right angles to each other. It occurs seven days after a spring tide.

Ans: C

Exp:

Gyres are large systems of circular ocean currents formed by the Coriolis force and wind. The Coriolis force causes the water to move to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere. These large accumulations of water and the flow around them are called Gyres. These produce large circular currents in all the ocean basins. There are five major gyres: the North and South Pacific Subtropical Gyres, the North and South Atlantic Subtropical Gyres, and the Indian Ocean Subtropical Gyre.

Ans: A

Exp:

Pair 1 is incorrectly matched:  Diurnal tide features only one high tide and one low tide during each day. The successive high and low tides are approximately the same height. whereas the Semi-diurnal tide features two high tides and two low tides each day. The successive high or low tides are approximately the same height. This is the most common tidal pattern.

Pair 2 is correctly matched: When the moon’s orbit is farthest from the earth, it is called the apogee. Tidal ranges will be much lower than average during this period. 

Pair 3 is incorrectly matched: The time between the high tide and low tide when the water level is falling is called the ebb. The time between low tide and high tide, when the tide is rising, is called the flow.

Ans: D

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct: When warm and cold ocean currents mix, temperature differences trigger moisture condensation. The warmer air rises over the colder air, saturating it with moisture and forming small water droplets or ice crystals, resulting in the development of dense fog. These mixing areas are often marked by foggy weather conditions. The dense fog formed due to the mixing of warm and cold ocean current impairs visibility, creating difficulties for navigation.

Statement 2 is correct: The mixing of warm and cold currents helps to replenish oxygen and favor the growth of plankton, the primary food for the fish population. Thus, the best fishing grounds in the world are mainly found in these mixing zones. For example- The Grand Banks of Newfoundland experiences the mixing of the cold Labrador Current with the warm waters of the Gulf Stream.

Ans: D

Exp:

The Lothian Committee, also known as the Indian Franchise Committee, was one of the expert committees formed at the conclusion of the Second Round Table Conference in London. The committee’s mission was to develop an electoral roadmap for India that would aid in determining the country’s constitutional destiny. Based on the findings of the Lothian committee, Ramsay MacDonald announced the Communal Award (1932).