Ans: D

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct: The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was established in 1870 at Poona by  Mahadev Govind Ranade, an eminent lawyer and scholar from the Bombay Presidency.  The members were mostly from the educated middle class of society and comprised lawyers, pensioners, pleaders, teachers, journalists and government servants in the judicial and education departments. Even though the members were mostly from the upper-middle classes, the membership was open to people of all castes and classes. 

Statement 2 is correct: The Sabha represented to the government the interests of the peasants and also opposed the forest laws, the salt laws and the press laws. It had a quarterly journal through which it propagated its ideas and also urged Indians to unite and press for economic and political reforms. 

Statement 3 is correct: The key members who helped in the formation of Poona Sarvajanik Sabha were Bhawanrao Shriniwasrao Pant Pratinidhi, Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi and S H Chiplunkar. Other important members of the Sabha included M M Kunte, Vishnu M Bhide, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Gopal Hari Deshmukh. 

Ans: D     

Exp:     

• Leaders of the Indian freedom struggle are classified as Moderates and extremists based on their beliefs, ideology and their methods. Moderates (1885-1905) believed in Liberalism and Moderate Politics. However, The Extremist leaders firmly believed that the British had no interest in the Indian people. 
• Options 1, 2 and 3 are correct: Some leading Moderates were A.O. Hume, W.C. Banerjee, Surendra Nath Banerjee, Pherozeshah Mehta, Gopalakrishna Gokhale,, Badruddin Tyabji, Justice Ranade and G.Subramanya Aiyar.

•  Option 4 is incorrect: Some leading Extremists were Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal and Aurobindo Ghose.

Ans: A      

Exp:    

Statement 1 is correct: Moderates believed in Liberalism and Moderate Politics. They believed that the British rulers were merely unaware of the plight of the Indian masses and that once they were made aware, the British authorities would do their utmost to improve the lives of the local populace.  The major reason behind the rise of Extremists (1905-1920) was their frustration with the politics of Moderates. The Extremist leaders firmly believed that the British had no interest in the Indian people. 

Statement 2 is incorrect: Moderates limited their struggle to constitutional means. Extremists often used extra-constitutional methods during their activities.

Ans: D

Exp:

Pair 1 is incorrectly matched: Sati Abolition Act of 1829, also known as the Bengal Sati Regulation, was landmark legislation passed by the British East India Company that banned the practice of Sati or the immolation of widows on their funeral pyre of husbands.

Pair 2 is correctly matched: The Indian Telegraph Act, passed in 1883, was intended to give the Central Government power to establish telegraph lines on private as well as public property. 

Pair 3 is incorrectly matched: The relentless efforts of a Parsi reformer, B.M. Malabari  led to the passing of the Age of Consent Act which was signed in 1891 during the Viceroyship of Lord Lansdowne. Marriage of girls under the age of twelve years was prohibited by this Act. 

Pair 4 is correctly matched: Ilbert Bill was introduced in 1883 by Viceroy Ripon. Ripon had proposed amendments in existing laws and to allow Indian judges and magistrates to try British offenders in criminal cases at the District level. 

Ans: B

Exp:

The correct chronological order of the formation of the above organisation is