Answer:

Introduction:

The Poonch-Rajouri sector in Jammu and Kashmir has witnessed a recent surge in militant activities. Understanding the tactical and strategic factors behind this shift is crucial for formulating effective countermeasures. 

Body:

Tactical and Strategic Factors:

• Path of Least Resistance: The shift of terrorist activities to the Poonch-Rajouri sector is attributed to militants seeking the path of least resistance. As counter-terrorism measures in Kashmir become more stringent, militants are adapting by relocating to areas where they face less resistance​​.
• Local Support and Article 370: The abrogation of Article 370 and the consequent dilution of local support in Kashmir have led militants to focus on the Pir Panjal region, indicating a strategic shift in their operations​​
• Challenges to Indian Army’s Counter-Terrorism Efforts: The shift poses new challenges to the Indian Army’s counter-terrorism strategy, which historically had more success in Kashmir. Adjustments in strategies are necessary in response to these new challenges​​.

Measures to Curb Militant Activities:

• Reassessment of Deployment and Operational Strategies: There’s a need for strategic reassessment and adaptation of the Indian Army’s deployment and operational strategies in response to the emerging challenges in the Poonch-Rajouri sector​​.
• Strengthening Intelligence Networks: Enhance intelligence gathering capabilities, especially at the village level. Encourage community participation in intelligence sharing, especially among tribal populations in the Pir Panjal area. This approach is vital for detecting and preventing militant activities, particularly those involving foreign and hybrid recruits​​.
• Transparent Investigations and Public Outreach: Conduct transparent investigations into civilian deaths to maintain public trust. A balanced approach in public statements and strong public outreach can prevent speculation and unrest, thereby undermining the support base for militants​​.
• Improved Convoy Security and Tactical Adaptations: Review and strengthen convoy security, vehicle hardening, and reinforcement movements. Adapt drills and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to the unique challenges of the sector​​.
• Large-Scale Operations with Technological Support: Conduct brigade-sized operations in the Pir Panjal region with drone support. This approach can be effective in countering militant activities in the forested and challenging terrain of the sector​​.
• Building Confidence Among Locals: Implement confidence-building measures, particularly with the tribal communities, to regain their support and cooperation. This approach is essential for reviving local intelligence networks and countering cross-border militancy supported by external forces​​.

Conclusion:

The shift of militant operations to the Poonch-Rajouri sector requires a multifaceted response that combines tactical and strategic adaptations with community engagement and improved intelligence gathering. Addressing the root causes of local disenchantment and enhancing the security apparatus’s adaptability and responsiveness are key to curbing militant activities in this region. Building and maintaining public trust, along with effective counter-terrorism measures, are essential for long-term stability and peace in the sector.