Answer:

The 103rd Constitution Amendment Act, 2019, is a landmark legislation that has redefined the way the Indian Constitution provides affirmative action. The Act provides for 10% reservation for the economically weaker sections (EWS) of society in government jobs and educational institutions. This is in addition to the existing reservation for SCs, STs, and OBCs.

The 103rd Constitution Amendment Act, 2019 introduced several features:

• It provided a 10% reservation in educational institutions and government jobs for economically weaker sections (EWS) among the general category, extending reservation beyond traditionally disadvantaged groups.
• The amendment amended Articles 15 and 16 of the Constitution to enable this reservation, explicitly mentioning the provision for EWS.
• The Act added Clause 6 to Article 15, allowing the state to make special provisions for the advancement of EWS in admission to educational institutions, including private unaided institutions.
• The reservation under this Act is over and above the existing reservations for SCs, STs, and OBCs.

The significance of the 103rd Constitution Amendment Act in achieving equity in Indian society is still to be seen. However, it is a significant step towards ensuring that all Indians have an equal opportunity to succeed, regardless of their economic background.

Here are some of the potential benefits of the 103rd Constitution Amendment Act:

• Reduce Economic Inequality: The Act could help to reduce economic inequality in India by providing opportunities for the EWS to improve their economic status
• Boost Social Mobility: The Act could also boost the social mobility of the EWS by providing them with opportunities to move up the social ladder. This could be done by providing them with access to education and jobs.
• Create a More Inclusive Society: The Act could help create a more inclusive society by providing opportunities for the EWS to participate in all aspects of society.

The 103rd Constitution Amendment Act is a significant piece of legislation that has the potential to make a positive impact on Indian society. However, it is important to be aware of the potential drawbacks of the Act and to ensure that it is implemented in a fair and equitable manner.