Essential Doctrines of Buddhism: Four Noble Truths & Eightfold Path

April 24, 2024 3185 0

Buddhism, founded by Gautama Buddha, encompasses essential doctrines guiding followers towards liberation from suffering. Central teachings include the Four Noble Truths, the Noble Eightfold Path, impermanence, and the concept of non-self.

The Philosophical Foundations of Buddhism

  • World is transient or ‘Impermanence’ (anicca).
  • It is also soulless (anatta) with nothing permanent in it.
  • Sorrow (dukkha) is intrinsic to human existence.

Thus, following the path of moderation between severe penance and self-indulgence, human beings can rise above these worldly troubles.

Other Beliefs

  • He neither accepted nor denied the existence of God.
  • He addressed worldly issues and was not concerned with debates about the soul (atman) and Brahma.
  • He questioned the authority of the Vedas.
  • Condemned the Varna system and advocated equality

Four Noble Truths of Buddha: Understanding the Essence of Buddhist Philosophy

  • The truth of Suffering (Dukkha): Birth, age, death, separation, unfulfilled wish. 
  • Truth of Origin of Suffering (Samudaya): Arises from desires (Trishna) for pleasure, power & long life.
  • Truth of Cessation of Suffering (Nirvana): Achieving freedom from sorrow.
  • Truth of Path Leading to Cessation of Suffering (Magga), which can be attained through the Noble Eightfold Path or the Middle Path.
Eightfold path (Astangika marga) Buddhism incorporates karma and rebirth, where past actions shape one’s current life. Liberation from karma and rebirth leads to nirvana, attainable via the Middle Path.Buddhism

CODE OF CONDUCT 

COMMON PEOPLE MONKS
(To stay away from) 

1. Coveting the property of others.

2. Committing violence.

3. Using intoxicants.

4. Speaking a lie.

5. Indulging in corrupt practices.

  • Restrictions on monks’ food, attire, and sexual conduct.
  • Prohibition from accepting gold, silver, or engaging in buying and selling.
  • Resembled a form of primitive communism.

 

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Conclusion

  • Buddhism’s doctrines offer a profound framework for understanding existence and alleviating suffering. 
    • Through the practice of mindfulness, ethical conduct, and insight meditation, adherents aspire towards enlightenment, cultivating compassion and wisdom in their journey towards liberation.
Related Articles 
Contemporary Relevance Of Buddha’s Teachings Vedic Period: History Notes
Buddhist And Jain Scriptures In Sanskrit Mauryan Empire (322-185 BCE)
Jainism and Buddhism Post Mauryan Period (200 BC – 300 AD)

 

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Comprehensive coverage with a concise format
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Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions
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