Answer:

The recent political shifts in Sri Lanka have far-reaching implications for India, impacting regional stability and security. As India is a key regional actor, it must reassess its diplomatic strategy to adapt to these evolving dynamics and protect its national interests.

Impact of  Evolving Political Landscapes in Sri Lanka on Regional Stability and Security:

• Economic Instability: The National People’s Power’s (NPP) rise could jeopardise the ongoing IMF bailout programs and major international investments in Sri Lanka, which could destabilise the region.
• Impact on Indian Investments: Projects like the Colombo Port project and Adani’s solar energy initiative are at risk of being cancelled, directly affecting Indian economic interests.
• China’s Influence: A shift in Sri Lanka’s political stance might allow China to deepen its influence in the region, threatening India’s strategic interests.
• Regional Security Concerns: The instability caused by internal political changes in Sri Lanka could spill over, affecting regional security, including maritime trade routes crucial to India.
  For instance: If Sri Lanka faces political upheaval, it could jeopardise security in the Indian Ocean, which is vital for India’s trade and strategic interests.
• Sri Lankan Tamil Issue: Dissanayake’s policies could impact the Sri Lankan Tamil community and India’s role in advocating for their rights, potentially reviving tensions.

Proactive Measures India Should Implement in Its Diplomatic Approach Towards Sri Lanka:

• Strengthen Economic Ties: India should continue to support Sri Lanka’s economy, ensuring that projects like infrastructure development benefit both nations and promote regional stability.
  For example: India can enhance its collaboration on renewable energy projects like solar power.
• Engage in Regional Security Cooperation: Strengthening maritime security collaborations with Sri Lanka is essential to safeguarding the Indian Ocean region against external threats.
  For example: Joint naval exercises and sharing of maritime intelligence will ensure better coordination in the Indian Ocean.
• Support Balanced Foreign Policy: India should encourage Sri Lanka to maintain a balanced approach between India and China, avoiding any singular alignment.
  For example: Diplomatic dialogues that highlight the benefits of India’s investments could prevent a complete shift towards China.
• Bolster People-to-People Relations: Strengthening cultural and educational exchanges will foster goodwill and enhance public diplomacy between the two nations.
  For instance: India can increase student scholarships and cultural programs for Sri Lankan youth, creating stronger ties with the younger generation.
• Monitor China’s Economic Moves: India must closely monitor Chinese investments in Sri Lanka and counterbalance them with strategic Indian investments.
  For instance: Increasing Indian investments in critical infrastructure like ports and airports will ensure India maintains its influence.

To ensure regional stability and security, India must adopt a multi-dimensional diplomatic approach that prioritises economic cooperation, regional security, and cultural engagement. By addressing these aspects proactively, India can strengthen its influence in Sri Lanka while safeguarding its national interests in the face of growing external pressures.

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