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PWOnlyIAS
April 28, 2025
Recently, ISRO successfully conducted the second short-duration hot test of its semicryogenic engine at ISRO Propulsion Complex (IPRC),Mahendragiri,Tamilnadu validating engine start-up sequence and stable ignition.
| Aspect | Cryogenic Engine | Semicryogenic Engine |
| Fuel Used | Liquid hydrogen (LH2) | Refined kerosene (RP-1) |
| Oxidizer Used | Liquid oxygen (LOX) | Liquid oxygen (LOX) |
| Operating Temperatures | Extremely low (both fuel and oxidizer are cryogenic) | Oxidizer is cryogenic; fuel is at normal temperature |
| Complexity | Higher (due to LH2 handling and storage challenges) | Moderate (kerosene is easier to store and use) |
| Thrust | Generally lower for size | Higher thrust compared to cryogenic for size |
| Efficiency (Specific Impulse) | Very high efficiency | Moderate to high efficiency |
| Use Case | Upper stages of launch vehicles (precision) | Core/first stages (initial heavy lift-off) |
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