India’s per capita net national income (NNI) rose to ₹1,14,710 in 2024-25, up from ₹72,805 in 2014-15, marking a ₹41,905 gain in a decade as per Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI)

National Trend in Per Capita Income Steady Growth

• The decade  (FY 14 to FY 24 ) reflects 57% growth in real terms, driven by expansion in services, manufacturing, and public investment.
• Divergent State Performances: Differences stem from sectoral composition, infrastructure, governance efficiency, and urbanisation levels.

Key Highlights of State-Level Per Capita NSDP

• Southern Dominance: Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana lead due to IT services, manufacturing hubs, and export-driven sectors.
• Western Contribution: Maharashtra benefits from industrial corridors and financial services.
• Emerging Performers: Odisha and Andhra Pradesh show high decade growth due to industrial projects and agricultural reforms.
• Structural Challenges in Laggards: States like Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and Assam lag due to low industrialisation, high population pressures, and weak infrastructure.

Top 5 States/UTs by Per Capita NSDP (2023-24) at Constant Price

Bottom 5 States/UTs by Per Capita NSDP (2023-24) at Constant Price

Conclusion

India’s rising per capita income masks stark regional disparities—growth is concentrated in urban-industrial corridors, while low-income states need structural transformation for inclusive prosperity.

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