Core Demand of the Question
- Differences in their approach of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Jawaharlal Nehru.
- Convergence in their approach.
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Answer
Introduction
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, the Iron Man of India, unified over 560 princely states and laid the foundation of a strong, integrated nation. Alongside Jawaharlal Nehru, he shaped India’s early governance rooted in democracy and secularism. Their combined vision defined the political and moral framework of modern India.
Body
Differences in their approach toward respective issues
| Issue |
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel |
Jawaharlal Nehru |
| Secularism |
- Advocated a pragmatic and culturally rooted secularism that respected India’s civilisational ethos while ensuring religious harmony.
- Emphasised equality without dismissing India’s Hindu cultural base.
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- Upheld a liberal and Western-inspired secularism that sought complete separation of religion from state affairs.
- Focused on scientific temper and rationalism.
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| National Unity |
- Prioritised political integration and internal stability.
- Used firm diplomacy and decisive action (e.g., Hyderabad, Junagadh) to unify princely states under the Indian Union.
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- Envisioned unity through diversity and moral persuasion.
- Favoured negotiation and idealistic diplomacy over coercive measures in sensitive cases.
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| Economic Development |
- Supported a mixed economy with emphasis on agriculture, local enterprise, and administrative efficiency
- Favoured decentralised development aligned with India’s conditions.
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- Advocated a mixed- socialist, state-led industrial model focusing on heavy industries, planning, and public sector dominance for rapid modernisation.
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Convergence between Sardar Patel and Jawahar lal Nehru
- Shared Vision of Secularism: Both upheld a democratic and secular India ensuring equal rights for all religions while opposing communal politics.
- Commitment to National Unity: They worked together to preserve India’s territorial integrity and consolidate the Union under Mahatma Gandhi’s guidance.
- Common Approach to Economic Development: Both supported state-led development to promote social justice and strengthen national stability.
- Faith in Democratic Institutions: They believed in parliamentary democracy, constitutionalism, and the rule of law as the foundation of governance.
- Focus on Inclusive Governance: Both aimed for a welfare-oriented, people-centric administration ensuring equality across caste, creed, and class.
Conclusion
Nehru’s idealism and Patel’s pragmatism complemented each other, balancing vision with action. Together, they fortified India’s freedom struggle and built the democratic and united Republic that endures today.
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