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Reflections: Image Formation with Spherical Mirrors through Ray Diagrams

December 14, 2023 1382 0

How is the formation of images by Spherical Mirrors illustrated through Ray Diagrams?

  • Requirement: Image Localization with an Abundance of Emanating Rays: To construct the ray diagrams, in order to locate the image of an object using spherical mirrors, an arbitrarily large number of rays emanating from a point could be considered.

Image Localization

  • Dual Rays in Reflection: Mechanics of Image Formation: The intersection of at least two reflected rays gives the position of the image of the point object. 
  • Guiding Rays: Image Formation with Spherical Mirrors: Any two of the following rays can be considered for locating the image.
    • (i) A ray parallel to the principal axis, after reflection, will pass through the principal focus in case of a concave mirror or appear to diverge from the principal focus in case of a convex mirror. 
    • (ii) A ray passing through the principal focus of a concave mirror or a ray which is directed towards the principal focus of a convex mirror, after reflection, will emerge parallel to the principal axis.

Spherical Mirrors

    • (iii) A ray passing through the centre of curvature of a concave mirror or directed in the direction of the centre of curvature of a convex mirror, after reflection, is reflected back along the same path. 

Guiding Rays

      • The light rays come back along the same path because the incident rays fall on the mirror along the normal to the reflecting surface. 
    • (iv) A ray incident obliquely to the principal axis, towards a point P (pole of the mirror), on the concave mirror or a convex mirror is reflected obliquely. 
      • The incident and reflected rays follow the laws of reflection at the point of incidence (point P), making equal angles with the principal axis. 

 

  • In all the above cases the laws of reflection are followed. 
  • At the point of incidence, the incident ray is reflected in such a way that the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence.

 

Guiding Rays

 

Mirror Magic: Image Formation with Spherical Mirrors

(a) Image formation by Concave Mirror

Ray diagrams
Ray diagrams for the image formation by a concave mirror
Image formation
Image formation by a concave mirror for different positions of the object

(b) Image formation by a Convex Mirror

Ray diagram
Ray diagram for the image formation by a convex mirror
Nature, position and relative size of the image formed by a convex mirror
Nature, position and relative size of the image formed by a convex mirror

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UDAAN PRELIMS WALLAH
Comprehensive coverage with a concise format
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Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions
हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध

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