National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has initiated a large-scale project to deploy 3D sensor-equipped Network Survey Vehicles (NSVs).

About The Initiative

• Objective: To identify potholes, cracks, and other surface defects for timely maintenance and improved commuter experience.
• Implementing Agency: National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) under the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH).
• Coverage: Deployment across 23 States, covering 20,933 km of two- to eight-lane National Highways.

• Technology Used: Network Survey Vehicles (NSVs) equipped with advanced sensors and data acquisition systems, including:
  • 3D Laser-based Systems for surface imaging.
  • Differential GPS (DGPS) for accurate geolocation.
  • IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) to record acceleration and angular velocity.
  • DMI (Distance Measuring Indicator) for distance calibration.
  • High-resolution 360° cameras for continuous visual recording.
• Data Management and AI Integration
  • AI-Based Data Lake Portal: Data from NSVs will be uploaded to NHAI’s AI-based portal – “Data Lake”, which will store and process the information for actionable insights.
  • A dedicated team of experts at NHAI will analyse this data to assess road health and schedule timely repairs.
  • Road Asset Management System (RAMS): The processed data will also be stored in the Road Asset Management System (RAMS) in standardised formats for long-term planning and technical analysis.
• Implementation Process
• • Survey Frequency: Data collection will be conducted before road construction or development begins, and every six months thereafter for ongoing condition assessment.
  • Data Parameters: The system captures:
    • Pavement distress indicators (cracks, ruts, potholes, patches).
    • Surface roughness and skid resistance.
    • Road geometry, lane width, and shoulder condition.
  • Procurement: NHAI has invited bids from qualified firms for deploying and operating the NSVs across identified stretches.

Need for the Initiative

• Road safety and quality assurance: India’s expanding highway network faces frequent issues such as cracks, potholes, and uneven surfaces that compromise safety and comfort.
  • Regular, data-driven monitoring helps ensure better pavement quality and rider experience.
• Preventive maintenance and asset management: Traditional manual inspections are time-consuming and inconsistent.
  • Automated 3D sensor systems enable real-time assessment and predictive maintenance, extending road life.
• Digital infrastructure and transparency: Integration of data into AI-based systems supports transparent decision-making and efficient use of public funds.
• • Aligns with India’s digital governance and infrastructure monitoring goals under Gati Shakti and Digital India.
• Expected Outcomes
  • Enhanced Maintenance Efficiency: Enables early detection of defects and targeted interventions, reducing costly full-scale repairs.
  • Improved Road Safety: Supports identification and rectification of high-risk areas (“black spots”) to reduce accident frequency.
  • Comprehensive Road Inventory:  Builds a national database of road conditions to aid infrastructure planning and budgeting.
  • Smart Governance: Demonstrates the use of AI, automation, and data analytics in improving public infrastructure management.
    

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