National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NM-ICPS)

• Launched: The Mission was approved by the Union Cabinet in 2018
• Nodal MInistry: Department of Science & Technology (DST)
• Aim: The Mission aims at development of technology platforms to carry out R&D, Translational Research, Product Development, Incubating & Supporting Start-ups as well as Commercialization.
• Technology Innovation Hubs (TIHs): 25 Technology Innovation Hubs (TIHs) have been established in reputed institutes across the country and each TIH has been assigned a Technology Vertical in the areas of advanced technologies.
  • Technology Vertical Areas: Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, Robotics, Cyber Security, Data Analytics & Predictive Technologies, Intelligent Collaboration Systems, Technologies for Agriculture & Water, Technologies for Mining, Advanced Communication System, Quantum Technologies etc.

About Cyber Physical Systems

• A Cyber-Physical System (CPS) is a computing system that integrates physical processes with computational algorithms and networked sensors to monitor and control physical processes in real time.
• Application: CPS finds applications in various domains, including smart grids, autonomous vehicles, healthcare systems, and industrial automation.

Large Language Model (LLM) 

• It is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that is trained on vast amounts of text data and is based on the Transformer model to generate natural language processing (NLP) tasks.
  • Applications: Natural Language Processing (To understand and generate human language); Translation; Content Generation; building chatbots; Summarization; Code Generation; Sentiment Analysis etc

IoT (Internet of Things)

• The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of physical devices, vehicles, appliances, and other physical objects that are embedded with sensors, software, and network connectivity, allowing them to collect and share data over the internet.

IoE (Internet of Everything)

• It refers to a network of connections between people, things, data, and processes that provide general intelligence and improved cognition across the networked environment
  • Different from IoT: IoE goes beyond the machine-to-machine (M2M) communication of IoT by incorporating human-to-machine (M2P) and human-to-human (P2P) interactions.