Context: India’s G20 presidency spanning from December 1, 2022, to November 30, 2023, marks a significant chapter in global cooperation.
What were the key highlights during India’s G20 presidency?
- The theme of India’s G20 presidency was “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam”, which means “The world is one family”.
- India’s G20 Priorities: India focused on issues like inclusive growth, digital innovation, climate financing, and equitable global health access to benefit the Global South or the developing countries.
- Brazil is set to assume the next G20 Presidency from 1 December 2023.
About G20:
- The Group of Twenty (G20) is the premier forum for international economic cooperation.
- The G20 Summit is held annually, under the leadership of a rotating Presidency.
- Importance: Represents around 85% of the global GDP, over 75% of the global trade, and about two-thirds of the world population.
Structure of G20:
-
- Presidency: The G20 Presidency directs the G20 agenda for a year and hosts the Summit.
- Tracks:
- Finance Track: Led by Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors, focusing on financial matters.
- Sherpa Track: Coordinated by Sherpas, personal emissaries of Leaders, overseeing negotiations and substantive work.
- Working Groups: Thematically oriented groups with representatives from member ministries and international organizations, discussing relevant topics.
- Engagement Groups: Involves civil societies, parliamentarians, think tanks, women, youth, labour, businesses, and researchers from G20 countries.
- Secretariat: G20 does not have a permanent secretariat; operations are facilitated by the respective Presidency and Troika support.
- Troika: Comprises previous, current, and incoming Presidency, providing guidance and support during the G20 Presidency.
- The G20 Troika during the Brazilian G20 Presidency in 2024 will comprise India, Brazil, and South Africa.
Know more about What Is G20 Summit? Presidency, Headquarters, Countries here. |
What were the key achievements during India’s G20 Presidency?
- Inclusion of African Union in G-20: The African Union became the new permanent member of G-20 (G20 now G21) since its inception in 1999.
- Other Members: 19 countries (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Türkiye, United Kingdom and United States) and the European Union. India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor: It aims to integrate transport corridors between Asia, the Arabian Gulf, and Europe.
- Setting up of Global Biofuels Alliance (GBA): It is an international initiative aimed at promoting the development and deployment of biofuels as a low-carbon pathway to sustainable energy.
- G20 ministers issued the ‘Jaipur Call for Action: It aimed to Improve access to information for MSMEs.
- Goa Roadmap for Tourism: The Goa Roadmap is a key deliverable of India’s G20 Tourism Track.
- Gandhinagar Implementation Roadmap (GIR) & Gandhinagar Information Platform (GIP) for Priority Landscapes: GIR and GIP will help restore land impacted by forest fires and mining, and reinforce the implementation of the G20 Global Land Initiative (GLI).
- Chennai High-Level Principles for a Sustainable and Resilient Blue Economy: HLPs will help address sustainable economic growth, protection, conservation, and human development.
- G20 Framework for Digital Public Infrastructure: The DPI framework will help ensure equitable access to and last-mile delivery of essential services at a societal scale, streamline governance, propel economic growth, and foster sustainable development.
Conclusion
India’s G20 Presidency was significant because of the government’s push to popularize and “democratize” the G-20 within India, inviting about 1,00,000 delegates from over 125 countries to about 200 meetings in more than 60 Indian cities.
News Source: Economic Times
December 1, 2023
