Indian researchers from the Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS), Bengaluru, have developed a scalable solar-driven device that generates green hydrogen using only sunlight and water. 

About the New Device

It is a photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting system that utilizes:

• A silicon-based photoanode with a n-i-p heterojunction architecture, made up of:
  • n-type TiO₂
  • intrinsic Si
  • p-type NiO
    
• Key Features:
  • Enhances charge separation and transport efficiency.
  • Employs magnetron sputtering—a scalable and industry-ready thin-film deposition technique.
  • Optimized for large-scale production and solar-to-hydrogen conversion.
    

Significance

• Cost-effective: Uses abundant and non-toxic materials.
• Scalable: Magnetron sputtering allows for mass production.
• Efficient:
  • Surface photovoltage: 600 mV
  • Low onset potential: ~0.11 VRHE
• Stable: Maintains performance with only 4% degradation after 10 hours in alkaline conditions.
• Large-scale viability: 25 cm² photoanode demonstrates scalability.
• Self-sustained: Operates using only solar energy, without dependence on external electricity.

Strategic Importance for India

• Supports National Hydrogen Mission launched in 2021
• Advances India’s progress toward net-zero emissions by 2070.
• Aligns with India’s commitments under the Paris Agreement
• Potential to make India a global hub for green hydrogen production and export

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