Manthan Shivir for PM JANMAN Yojana

December 16, 2023

GS Paper II Indian Polity and Governance

Context: Union Minister for Tribal Affairs and Agriculture & Farmers Welfare inaugurated the Manthan Shivir 2023 to finalize the implementation plan of Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN Yojana)

The theme of the Manthan Shivir was ‘Whole of Government Approach – Reaching the Unreached Last Mile’.

About PM JANMAN Yojana

Launch: The PM Janman Yojana was launched on Janjatiya Gaurav Divas (15th November 2023) in Jharkhand to commemorate the birth anniversary of Bhagwan Birsa Munda.

About Birsa Munda:

Early life: Born on November 15, 1875, he belonged to the Munda tribe in the Chota Nagpur Plateau area.
Contribution:
- ‘Ulgulan’ (Revolution): He fought against the exploitative system of the British colonial system and spearheaded a movement against British oppression giving a call for ‘Ulgulan’ (Revolution).
- Faith of ‘Birsait’: To curb the missionary conversion activities, a sect called “Birsait” was started where members of the Munda and Oraon communities started joining the Birsait sect challenging the British conversion activities.

Objective: To focus on the development of 75 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) who have been left out by the schemes of various Ministries/Departments.
Nodal ministry: Ministry of Tribal Affairs
Financial outlay: Around Rs. 24,000 crores.
Critical interventions: The PM JANMAN Yojana (comprising Central Sector and Centrally Sponsored Schemes) focuses on 11 critical interventions through 9 Ministries which are as follows:
- Provision of pucca houses
- Connecting roads
- Piped water supply/Community water supply
- Mobile Medical Units with medicine cost
- Construction of hostels
- Construction of Anganwadi Centers
- Construction of Multipurpose Centers (MPC)Energization of habitations/households (Last mile connectivity) through a) grid and b) solar Power off-grid
- Setting up of Van Dhan Vikas Kendras
- Installation of mobile towers

About PVTGs

Dhebar commission: Primitive Tribal Groups (PTGs) who are the least developed tribal groupings were established as a distinct category in 1973 by UN Dhebar commission.
PVTGs: In 2006 the government renamed PTGs as PVTGs.
Basic characteristics: The criteria for identifying Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups are: –
- Pre-agricultural level of technology,
- Low level of literacy,
- Economic backwardness,
- A declining or stagnant population.