News In Shorts: 26 September 2024

Integral Humanism of Deen Dayal Upadhaya

About Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya

• Early Life:
  • Born in Nagla Chandrabhan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh.
  • A bright student, educated at Sanatan Dharma College, Kanpur, and St. John’s College, Agra.
  • Qualified for the civil services examination, earning the nickname “Panditji” for wearing traditional dhoti-kurta during the exam.
• Political Involvement and Philosophy
  • RSS Campaigner: A lifelong pracharak (campaigner) of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS).
  • Founder of Bharatiya Jana Sangh: Helped establish the political party (BJP)  in 1951.
  • Integral Humanism (1965):
    • Introduced the concept focusing on holistic development—physical, mental, and spiritual.
• Legacy and Commemoration
  • Antyodaya: His vision of uplifting the last person in society remains a core principle for the BJP.
  • Antyodaya Diwas: His birth anniversary is celebrated to honor his contributions to social and political thought.

What is Integral Humanism?

• A doctrine introduced by Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya.
• Concept overview
  • Emphasizes unity and harmony between the body, mind, intellect, and soul.
  • Promotes balanced development of individuals and society.
• Social Vision: Envisioned a classless, casteless, and conflict-free society.
• Cultural heritage: Emphasized the ancient Indian idea of oneness and unity in human civilization and political life.
• Alternative perspective: Advocated coexistence and harmony with nature and proposed an alternative to both Capitalism and Communism.
• Based on the four purusharthas: dharma, artha, kama, and moksha, as guiding principles for human life.

WAVES Anime & Manga Contest

More on the news:

• Part of the “Create in India Challenge,” aimed at promoting anime and manga culture in India.
  • This challenge fosters innovation and creativity across different sectors such as animation, gaming, music, and film making. 
  • This event aims to promote the cultural heritage of India and create jobs in the media and entertainment sector. 
  • It aligns with the vision of Design in India, Design for the World’. 
• Supports local talent and taps into the rising interest in anime and manga among Indian audiences.
• Competition Structure
  • Two Levels:
    • State-level competitions in 11 cities, followed by a national finale.
    • Separate categories for students and professionals.

About WAM!

• Provides a platform for Indian creators to produce localized versions of popular Japanese art styles.
• Offers opportunities for global recognition and marketing support.
• Participation Categories:
  • Manga (Japanese comics): Individual participation for students and professionals.
  • Webtoon (Digital comics): Individual participation for students and professionals.
  • Anime (Japanese animation): Team participation (up to 4 members) for students and professionals.

China conducts ICBM tests

Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM)

• Definition: ICBMs are long-range ballistic missile systems primarily designed for nuclear weapons delivery. 
• Capable of travelling vast distances at high speeds to deliver warheads across continents.
• Key Feature: 
• • Range: Range greater than 5,500 kilometres with maximum ranges varying from 7,000 to 16,000 kilometres.
  • Speed: ICBMs can travel at speeds exceeding 20,000 kilometres per hour.
  • Many modern ICBMs are equipped with Multiple Independently-targetable Reentry Vehicles (MIRVs), which allow them to carry and deploy multiple warheads. 
    • These warheads can strike different targets, making ICBMs more effective against defensive systems.
  • Payloads: They can carry nuclear, chemical, or biological warheads.
  • Deployment Platforms: ICBMs can be launched from silos underground, mobile launchers on land, or submarines at sea.
• Countries with Operational ICBMs: Russia, United States, China, France, India, United Kingdom, Israel, and North Korea.

India’s ICBMs:

• Agni-V:
  • Fuel Type: Solid-fuelled.
  • Range: 7,000-10,000 km.
  • Significance: Capable of striking the entire Asia-Pacific region.
  • Role in India’s Nuclear Triad: Part of India’s strategic deterrence capabilities.
• Mission Divyastra:
  • Successfully tested the Agni-V missile using Multiple Independently-targetable Reentry Vehicles (MIRVs) technology.
  • MIRV Technology: Allows a single missile to carry multiple warheads aimed at different targets. 
    • Some warheads may be decoys to confuse anti-ballistic missile systems.

Ballistic Missile:

• A ballistic missile is a missile that follows a ballistic trajectory to deliver a payload, typically for warfare purposes. 
• Once launched, it is powered during the initial phase, after which it follows a free-fall trajectory, much like a projectile, under the influence of gravity and atmospheric forces.

Trajectory:

• Powered Phase: The missile is powered by rocket engines during its initial phase, called the boost phase, which propels it into the atmosphere or space.
• Midcourse Phase: After reaching its peak, the missile enters the midcourse phase, during which it coasts in space.
• Reentry Phase: Finally, it reenters the atmosphere, guided by gravity, to hit its target in the terminal phase.

Types of Ballistic Missiles:

• Tactical Ballistic Missiles: Short-range, used in battlefield operations.
• Theatre Ballistic Missiles: Medium-range, often aimed at specific regions.
• Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs): Long-range, designed for strategic nuclear deterrence, capable of travelling between continents.

Ballistic vs. Cruise Missiles:

• Ballistic Missiles: Follow a high-arcing trajectory and are guided only during their powered phase.
• Cruise Missiles: Are guided throughout their flight path and follow a relatively low, straight course towards the target.