Integral Humanism of Deen Dayal Upadhaya
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Context: 25 September is celebrated as the 108th birth anniversary of Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya.
About Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya
- Early Life:
- Born in Nagla Chandrabhan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh.
- A bright student, educated at Sanatan Dharma College, Kanpur, and St. John’s College, Agra.
- Qualified for the civil services examination, earning the nickname “Panditji” for wearing traditional dhoti-kurta during the exam.
- Political Involvement and Philosophy
- RSS Campaigner: A lifelong pracharak (campaigner) of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS).
- Founder of Bharatiya Jana Sangh: Helped establish the political party (BJP) in 1951.
- Integral Humanism (1965):
- Introduced the concept focusing on holistic development—physical, mental, and spiritual.
- Legacy and Commemoration
- Antyodaya: His vision of uplifting the last person in society remains a core principle for the BJP.
- Antyodaya Diwas: His birth anniversary is celebrated to honor his contributions to social and political thought.
What is Integral Humanism?
- A doctrine introduced by Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya.
- Concept overview
- Emphasizes unity and harmony between the body, mind, intellect, and soul.
- Promotes balanced development of individuals and society.
- Social Vision: Envisioned a classless, casteless, and conflict-free society.
- Cultural heritage: Emphasized the ancient Indian idea of oneness and unity in human civilization and political life.
- Alternative perspective: Advocated coexistence and harmony with nature and proposed an alternative to both Capitalism and Communism.
- Based on the four purusharthas: dharma, artha, kama, and moksha, as guiding principles for human life.
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WAVES Anime & Manga Contest
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Context: The Ministry of Information & Broadcasting, in collaboration with the Media & Entertainment Association of India (MEAI), has launched the WAVES Anime & Manga Contest (WAM!).
More on the news:
- Part of the “Create in India Challenge,” aimed at promoting anime and manga culture in India.
- This challenge fosters innovation and creativity across different sectors such as animation, gaming, music, and film making.
- This event aims to promote the cultural heritage of India and create jobs in the media and entertainment sector.
- It aligns with the vision of Design in India, Design for the World’.
- Supports local talent and taps into the rising interest in anime and manga among Indian audiences.
- Competition Structure
- Two Levels:
- State-level competitions in 11 cities, followed by a national finale.
- Separate categories for students and professionals.
About WAM!
- Provides a platform for Indian creators to produce localized versions of popular Japanese art styles.
- Offers opportunities for global recognition and marketing support.
- Participation Categories:
- Manga (Japanese comics): Individual participation for students and professionals.
- Webtoon (Digital comics): Individual participation for students and professionals.
- Anime (Japanese animation): Team participation (up to 4 members) for students and professionals.
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China conducts ICBM tests
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Context: Recently, China carried out a rare test-firing of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) into international waters, sparking protests from neighbouring countries.
Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM)
- Definition: ICBMs are long-range ballistic missile systems primarily designed for nuclear weapons delivery.
- Capable of travelling vast distances at high speeds to deliver warheads across continents.
- Key Feature:
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- Range: Range greater than 5,500 kilometres with maximum ranges varying from 7,000 to 16,000 kilometres.
- Speed: ICBMs can travel at speeds exceeding 20,000 kilometres per hour.
- Many modern ICBMs are equipped with Multiple Independently-targetable Reentry Vehicles (MIRVs), which allow them to carry and deploy multiple warheads.
- These warheads can strike different targets, making ICBMs more effective against defensive systems.
- Payloads: They can carry nuclear, chemical, or biological warheads.
- Deployment Platforms: ICBMs can be launched from silos underground, mobile launchers on land, or submarines at sea.
- Countries with Operational ICBMs: Russia, United States, China, France, India, United Kingdom, Israel, and North Korea.
India’s ICBMs:
- Agni-V:
- Fuel Type: Solid-fuelled.
- Range: 7,000-10,000 km.
- Significance: Capable of striking the entire Asia-Pacific region.
- Role in India’s Nuclear Triad: Part of India’s strategic deterrence capabilities.
- Mission Divyastra:
- Successfully tested the Agni-V missile using Multiple Independently-targetable Reentry Vehicles (MIRVs) technology.
- MIRV Technology: Allows a single missile to carry multiple warheads aimed at different targets.
- Some warheads may be decoys to confuse anti-ballistic missile systems.
Ballistic Missile:
- A ballistic missile is a missile that follows a ballistic trajectory to deliver a payload, typically for warfare purposes.
- Once launched, it is powered during the initial phase, after which it follows a free-fall trajectory, much like a projectile, under the influence of gravity and atmospheric forces.
Trajectory:
- Powered Phase: The missile is powered by rocket engines during its initial phase, called the boost phase, which propels it into the atmosphere or space.
- Midcourse Phase: After reaching its peak, the missile enters the midcourse phase, during which it coasts in space.
- Reentry Phase: Finally, it reenters the atmosphere, guided by gravity, to hit its target in the terminal phase.
Types of Ballistic Missiles:
- Tactical Ballistic Missiles: Short-range, used in battlefield operations.
- Theatre Ballistic Missiles: Medium-range, often aimed at specific regions.
- Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs): Long-range, designed for strategic nuclear deterrence, capable of travelling between continents.
Ballistic vs. Cruise Missiles:
- Ballistic Missiles: Follow a high-arcing trajectory and are guided only during their powered phase.
- Cruise Missiles: Are guided throughout their flight path and follow a relatively low, straight course towards the target.
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