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Pelicans

Pelicans

Pelicans started arriving from Siberia at Telineelapuram Bird Sanctuary in the first week of November and will stay on till the end of March next year.

About Pelicans

  • Habitat: Primarily inhabit coastal areas, lakes, and wetlands.
  • Pelican populations in India have declined due to habitat loss, pollution, and human disturbance. 

Pelicans

Spot-billed Pelican (Grey Pelican)

  • Habitat: Shallow lowland freshwater bodies like lakes, reservoirs, and rivers.
  • Diet: Primarily fish, crustaceans and amphibians.
  • Behaviour: Social birds, often seen in large flocks.
  • Life Cycle: Breed during the monsoon season, laying eggs in large communal nests.
  • Conservation Status:
    • IUCN Red List: Near Threatened
    • Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972: Schedule IV

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Types of Pelicans Visiting India:

  • Spot-billed Pelican: Common in India, frequently seen at Telineelapuram Bird Sanctuary, Andhra Pradesh, and Kolleru Lake, Andhra Pradesh. 
  • Great White Pelican: Visits Keoladeo National Park in Rajasthan; a large white pelican that migrates occasionally.
  • Dalmatian Pelican: Occasionally visits Chilika Lake, Odisha; a large pelican with distinctive black wing spots.

About Flyway

  • A Flyway is a geographical region within which a single or group of migratory species completes its annual cycle, i.e., breeding, molting, staging, and non-breeding.
  • Migratory birds from 3 flyways (CAF, East Asian Australasian Flyway, and Asian East African Flyway) visit India.
    • Central Asian Flyway (CAF): Extends from the northernmost breeding grounds in the Russian Federation (Siberia) to the southernmost non-breeding (wintering) grounds in West and South Asia, the Maldives, and British Indian Ocean Territory.

Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) or Bonn Convention

  • Purpose: An international treaty aimed at conserving migratory species and their habitats signed in 1979 and in force since 1983.
  • Member States: As of 2024, 131 countries are party to the Convention.
    • India has also been a party to CMS since 1983.
  • India has hosted several CMS meetings, including the 13th Conference of the Parties (COP13) in 2020.
  • India has also signed several Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) with CMS for the conservation of specific species, such as Siberian Cranes, Marine Turtles, Dugongs, and Raptors.

About BirdLife International

  • Global partnership of conservation organisations (NGOs) that strives to conserve birds, their habitats, and global biodiversity, working with people towards sustainability in the use of natural resources.
  • Founded  in 1922 as the International Council for Bird Protection.
  • Publications:
    • World Birdwatch
  • Official Red List Authority for birds for the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
  • Also publishes Important Bird Areas (IBA) inventory.

Standardised criteria for the designation of IBAs

  • Significant Numbers of Globally Threatened Bird Species : IBAs should host substantial populations of one or more bird species globally classified as threatened.
  • Presence of Restricted-Range or Biome-Restricted Species: Designation considers sites that are part of a collection of locations collectively supporting a range of restricted-range or biome-restricted species.
  • Exceptionally Large Numbers of Migratory or Congregatory Birds.

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Telineelapuram Bird Sanctuary

  • Telineelapuram is a designated Important Bird Area (IBA) and is the prime location for the spot-billed pelicans for winter breeding.
  • Location: Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh, India.
  • Wildlife: Primarily known for migratory birds, especially the Spot-billed Pelican, which comes here for winter breeding. Other bird species include Painted Storks, Open-billed Storks, and various waterbirds.
  • Water Bodies: The sanctuary is situated near the coast, with access to brackish water bodies and the Bay of Bengal.
  • Vegetation: The sanctuary has a mix of Mangrove forests, coastal wetlands, and agricultural lands.

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 Final Result – CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION, 2023.   Udaan-Prelims Wallah ( Static ) booklets 2024 released both in english and hindi : Download from Here!     Download UPSC Mains 2023 Question Papers PDF  Free Initiative links -1) Download Prahaar 3.0 for Mains Current Affairs PDF both in English and Hindi 2) Daily Main Answer Writing  , 3) Daily Current Affairs , Editorial Analysis and quiz ,  4) PDF Downloads  UPSC Prelims 2023 Trend Analysis cut-off and answer key

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 Final Result – CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION, 2023.   Udaan-Prelims Wallah ( Static ) booklets 2024 released both in english and hindi : Download from Here!     Download UPSC Mains 2023 Question Papers PDF  Free Initiative links -1) Download Prahaar 3.0 for Mains Current Affairs PDF both in English and Hindi 2) Daily Main Answer Writing  , 3) Daily Current Affairs , Editorial Analysis and quiz ,  4) PDF Downloads  UPSC Prelims 2023 Trend Analysis cut-off and answer key

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AVAILABLE FOR DOWNLOAD SOON
UDAAN PRELIMS WALLAH
Comprehensive coverage with a concise format
Integration of PYQ within the booklet
Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions
हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध
Quick Revise Now !
UDAAN PRELIMS WALLAH
Comprehensive coverage with a concise format
Integration of PYQ within the booklet
Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions
हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध

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