On World Lion Day 2025, India celebrated the rise of its Asiatic lion population to 891, marking a 32% increase since 2020 and over 70% growth in a decade.

About World Lion Day

• World Lion Day is observed annually on August 10 to raise global awareness about the threats facing lions and to promote their conservation.
• Origin: The event was founded in 2013 by conservationists Derek and Beverly Joubert to highlight challenges faced by lions in the wild.
  • It is linked to the Big Cat Initiative launched with National Geographic, aimed at halting the rapid decline in big cat populations.

Need for Conservation 

• Population Decline: Lions are experiencing a severe population drop.
  • For instance, African lion numbers have fallen by 43% since 2001, putting the species at risk of irreversible loss.
• Exploitation Issues: Thousands of lions are bred in captivity for their bones and body parts, often used in traditional medicine without scientific basis, leading to short, cruel lives and contributing to population stress.
• Global Risk Comparison: The likelihood of a 33% decline in African lion populations is 19 times higher than in India, largely due to rampant poaching in Africa.

India’s Conservation Efforts

• Project Lion: Launched in 2020 by PM Narendra Modi, Project Lion is a ₹2,927.71 crore, 10-year programme focusing on habitat expansion, health care, and community participation.
• Barda Wildlife Sanctuary: Located in Devbhumi Dwarka district, Barda has welcomed lions back after 143 years, now hosting 17 individuals (6 adults, 11 cubs).
  • The state has allocated ₹180 crore for veterinary care, eco-tourism, and habitat management.
• Expanding Range: The lions’ natural range now spans 35,000 sq. km across 11 districts of Saurashtra, beyond the traditional Gir National Park area.
• Community and Youth Engagement: The 2025 celebration connected virtually with lakhs of students across the Greater Gir Lion Landscape, spreading conservation awareness.
• Eco-Tourism Linkages: Barda’s location near the Dwarka–Porbandar–Somnath tourist circuit is expected to boost eco-tourism while ensuring local economic benefits.
• Global Relevance: India remains the only country where the Asiatic lion survives, giving it unique responsibility and visibility in global wildlife conservation.

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